李玉恒,武文豪,刘彦随.近百年全球重大灾害演化及对人类社会弹性能力建设的启示[J].中国科学院院刊,2020,35(3):345-352.
近百年全球重大灾害演化及对人类社会弹性能力建设的启示
Evolution of Global Major Disasters During Past Century and Its Enlightenments to Human Resilience Building
近百年全球重大灾害演化及对人类社会弹性能力建设的启示
Evolution of Global Major Disasters During Past Century and Its Enlightenments to Human Resilience Building
作者
李玉恒
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049
LI Yuheng
CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
武文豪
北京师范大学 地理科学学部 北京 100875
WU Wenhao
Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
刘彦随
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049
LIU Yansui
CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049
LI Yuheng
CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
武文豪
北京师范大学 地理科学学部 北京 100875
WU Wenhao
Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
刘彦随
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049
LIU Yansui
CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
中文关键词
重大灾害;时空演化;弹性能力;可持续发展
英文关键词
major disasters;spatio-temporal evolution;resilience capacity;sustainable development
中文摘要
增强人类社会应对灾害侵扰的弹性能力对于如期实现联合国可持续发展目标具有重要的支撑作用。文章揭示了近百年来全球重大自然灾害与疾病的发生与演化过程；同时，研究发现，进入21世纪以来重大灾害的发生频率显著增强，传播范围更广，影响力不断提升。人与自然关系不和谐、乡村衰退，以及撒哈拉以南非洲地区贫困化、全球化负面影响等因素，放大了重大灾害的影响。文章从多个方面提出了旨在提升人类社会弹性能力的路径与措施。
英文摘要
Strengthening human resilience against disasters’ disturbance plays an important role in realizing the UN sustainable development goals. The study investigates the occurrence and evolution of major natural disasters and diseases in the world during the past century. It finds out that the major disasters gained frequency and impact after human entering the 21st century. Further, it indicates that the distorted human-nature relationship, rural decline and poverty in Sub-Sahara Africa, globalization have escalated the impact of major disasters. Finally, we propose ways to improve the resilient capacity of human being in terms of multiple perspectives.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200220003
作者简介
李玉恒 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所副研究员。瑞典皇家理工博士、斯德哥尔摩经济学院博士后。国际地理联合会农业地理与土地工程委员会(IGU-AGLE)秘书长。主要研究领域包括:乡村地域系统演化、乡村弹性与可持续发展。
E-mail:liyuheng@igsnrr.ac.cn
LI Yuheng Associate Professor at Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He obtained Ph.D. degree from Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden and worked as post-doctoral researcher at Stockholm School of Economics. He is currently the Secretary-General of Commission on Agricultural Geography and Land Engineering (AGLE), International Geographical Union (IGU). His research focuses on rural evolution, rural resilience, and sustainable development.
E-mail:liyuheng@igsnrr.ac.cn
刘彦随 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室主任,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域农业与农村发展研究中心主任、研究员,长江学者特聘教授,发展中国家科学院院士。国际地理联合会农业地理与土地工程委员会(IGU-AGLE)主席。主要研究领域为区域农业、土地利用、城乡发展与精准扶贫。
E-mail:liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
LIU Yansui Professor and Director of Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Director of Center for Regional Agriculture and Rural Development at Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Yangtze River Scholar Distinguished Professor, and Academician of the World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries. He is currently the Chairman of IGU-AGLE Commission. His research fields include regional agriculture, land use, urban-rural development, and targeted poverty alleviation.
E-mail:liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
E-mail:liyuheng@igsnrr.ac.cn
LI Yuheng Associate Professor at Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He obtained Ph.D. degree from Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden and worked as post-doctoral researcher at Stockholm School of Economics. He is currently the Secretary-General of Commission on Agricultural Geography and Land Engineering (AGLE), International Geographical Union (IGU). His research focuses on rural evolution, rural resilience, and sustainable development.
E-mail:liyuheng@igsnrr.ac.cn
刘彦随 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室主任,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域农业与农村发展研究中心主任、研究员,长江学者特聘教授,发展中国家科学院院士。国际地理联合会农业地理与土地工程委员会(IGU-AGLE)主席。主要研究领域为区域农业、土地利用、城乡发展与精准扶贫。
E-mail:liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
LIU Yansui Professor and Director of Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Director of Center for Regional Agriculture and Rural Development at Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Yangtze River Scholar Distinguished Professor, and Academician of the World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries. He is currently the Chairman of IGU-AGLE Commission. His research fields include regional agriculture, land use, urban-rural development, and targeted poverty alleviation.
E-mail:liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
