土壤微生物与作物土传病害控制
Soil Microbes and Control of Soil-borne Diseases
Soil Microbes and Control of Soil-borne Diseases
作者
黄新琦(南京师范大学地理科学学院 南京 210023;江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心 南京 210023;南京师范大学 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室 南京 210023)
蔡祖聪(南京师范大学地理科学学院 南京 210023;江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心 南京 210023;南京师范大学 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室 南京 210023)
蔡祖聪(南京师范大学地理科学学院 南京 210023;江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心 南京 210023;南京师范大学 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室 南京 210023)
中文关键词
集约化农业;土壤微生物;土传病原菌;可持续发展;测土施药
英文关键词
intensive agriculture;soil microbes;soil-borne pathogens;sustainable development;pesticides application
中文摘要
随着农业现代化水平的提高，以高投入与高产出、种植品种单一、复种指数高和大量施肥施药等为特点的集约化种植已成为我国重要的农业生产模式。由于对作物土传病原微生物生长繁殖规律和传播扩散途径的认识不足，随着集约化种植不断推广与发展，作物土传病害在我国已成蔓延趋势，对我国农业生产的可持续发展、农产品和生态环境安全提出了严峻的挑战。为了有效遏制作物土传病害蔓延势头，实现到 2020 年我国农药使用量零增长的目标，文章建议：开展土传病原微生物普查，测土施“药”，深入研究作物土传病原微生物，大力普及科学种植知识。
英文摘要
With the agricultural modernization, intensive cultivations, which are characterized with high input of chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides and high yields, mono-crop species consecutive culture, and large multiple cropping index, have become main patterns of crop production in China. Due to knowledge shortage on the propagation of soil-borne pathogens, soil-borne diseases of crops are spreading very rapidly among the intensive agricultural systems. The issue is now seriously challenging to the sustainable development, food safety and environmental protection in China. For effectively suppressing the spread of soil-borne diseases and realizing the target of "zero-increasing of pesticides consumption by 2020", we propose to take a survey with censuses on soil-borne pathogens overall the country, apply pesticides on the population density of soil-borne pathogens, strengthen the research on soil-borne pathogens and diseases, and disseminate the knowledge on propagation of soil-borne pathogens and crop management.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2017.06.006
作者简介
黄新琦,南京师范大学地理科学学院副教授、硕士生导师。1986年生,2008年毕业于南京农业大学国家生命科学与技术人才培养基地,2012年获得南京农业大学植物营养学博士学位,同年进入南京师范大学地理科学学院工作,任职讲师、副教授。主要从事植物土传病害生物防控相关研究。E-mail: xqhuang@njnu.edu.cn
Huang Xinqi Associate professor in the School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University. He received B.S. and Ph.D. degree from Nanjing Agricultural University, China in 2008 and 2012 respectively. Since 2012, he has been working with School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, as a lecturer and associate professor. He mainly works on the biological control of plant soil-borne disease. E-mail: xqhuang@njnu.edu.cn
蔡祖聪,男,南京师范大学教授,博导,"杰青"。1958年11月出生,浙江余姚人,博士。曾任《土壤学报》主编(2003—2011),《农业环境科学学报》主编,Plant and Soil等国际期刊栏目编委。长期从事土壤碳氮循环与温室气体排放研究,近年来关注作物连作障碍防控,研发出强还原土壤处理消除作物连作障碍方法。E-mail: zccai@njnu.edu.cn
Cai Zucong Male, professor in soil science in the School of Geography Sciences, Nanjing Normal University. Prof. Cai got his Ph.D. degree from the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 1988. He is the author of more than 400 publications, one of most cited authors in China, and the editor in chief of Journal of Agro-environmental Science. His research focuses on the transformations of carbon and nitrogen in soil and greenhouse gas emissions. Recently he has developed the reductive soil disinfestation to overcome the problem of consecutive monoculture of crops. E-mail: zccai@njnu.edu.cn
Huang Xinqi Associate professor in the School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University. He received B.S. and Ph.D. degree from Nanjing Agricultural University, China in 2008 and 2012 respectively. Since 2012, he has been working with School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, as a lecturer and associate professor. He mainly works on the biological control of plant soil-borne disease. E-mail: xqhuang@njnu.edu.cn
蔡祖聪,男,南京师范大学教授,博导,"杰青"。1958年11月出生,浙江余姚人,博士。曾任《土壤学报》主编(2003—2011),《农业环境科学学报》主编,Plant and Soil等国际期刊栏目编委。长期从事土壤碳氮循环与温室气体排放研究,近年来关注作物连作障碍防控,研发出强还原土壤处理消除作物连作障碍方法。E-mail: zccai@njnu.edu.cn
Cai Zucong Male, professor in soil science in the School of Geography Sciences, Nanjing Normal University. Prof. Cai got his Ph.D. degree from the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 1988. He is the author of more than 400 publications, one of most cited authors in China, and the editor in chief of Journal of Agro-environmental Science. His research focuses on the transformations of carbon and nitrogen in soil and greenhouse gas emissions. Recently he has developed the reductive soil disinfestation to overcome the problem of consecutive monoculture of crops. E-mail: zccai@njnu.edu.cn
