田新苗,冯起.祁连山国家公园区域生态保护与经济发展路径探究[J].中国科学院院刊,2025,40(6):1103-1112.

祁连山国家公园区域生态保护与经济发展路径探究

Exploration on path of ecological protection and economic development in Qilian Mountain National Park region

田新苗^1,2,3
中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院青藏高原研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049
TIAN Xinmiao^1,2,3
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
冯起^1,3*
中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049
FENG Qi^1,3*
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

         祁连山;国家公园;生态保护;经济发展

        Qilian Mountain;national park;ecological protection;economic development

        国家公园是一种由政府主导设立、以保护自然生态系统的完整性和生物多样性为核心目标的特殊保护区，它强调人类活动与自然保护的平衡，实现人与自然可持续共生。构建以国家公园作为核心的自然保护地体系，是我国生态文明制度体系的一项重大突破进展，也是推动“美丽中国”建设、实现人与自然和谐共生现代化的关键领域。党中央、国务院高度重视生态文明建设和祁连山生态环境保护治理工作，不断推动区域经济社会发展和增进人民福祉。目前，祁连山国家公园区域保护生态与发展经济的矛盾问题比较突出，需要深入探究有效路径，实现区域生态保护和绿色发展、民生改善相统一，在自然生态与人类活动之间找到保护与发展的平衡点。文章以祁连山国家公园区域为例，通过综合应用文献查证、制度分析、政策评估、归纳总结等多种研究方法，提出坚持生态优先、绿色发展，在发展中保护、在保护中发展的理念，提出实现二者耦合的6条路径。文章为实现保护与发展的平衡和协调提供理论支持，进而对我国国家公园建设与发展提出具有创新意义的研究思路和政策建议。

        National parks are a kind of special protected areas established under the leadership of the government with the core objective of protecting the integrity of natural ecosystems and biodiversity, which emphasizes the balance between human activities and nature protection in order to achieve sustainable coexistence of human being and nature. The construction of a system of nature reserves with national parks as the core is a major breakthrough progress in the institutional framework of China’s ecological civilization, and a key area for promoting the construction of Beautiful China and realizing the modernization of harmonious coexistence of human being and nature. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the construction of ecological civilization and the protection and management of the Qilian Mountain’s ecological environment, and continue to promote regional economic and social development and enhance the well-being of the people. It is important to promote sustainable economic development in national park areas while maintaining ecological protection. At present, the contradictions and problems of protecting the ecology and developing the economy in the Qilian Mountain National Park region are more prominent. It is necessary to explore in depth effective paths to realize the unity of regional ecological protection and green development and improvement of people’s livelihood, and to find a balance between natural ecology and human activities for protection and development. Taking the Qilian Mountain National Park region as an example, through the comprehensive application of various research methods such as literature checking, institutional analysis, policy assessment, and inductive summarization, this study proposes the concept of adhering to ecological priority and green development, protecting in development, and developing in protection, and puts forward six paths to realize the coupling of ecological protection and economic development. This study provides theoretical support for realizing the balance and coordination between protection and development, and then puts forward innovative research ideas and policy suggestions for the construction and development of national parks in China.