丁玎,姜枫,操丽丽,康乐*.建立新型真菌杀虫剂创制体系助力农业绿色发展[J].中国科学院院刊,2025,40(6):1089-1102.

建立新型真菌杀虫剂创制体系助力农业绿色发展

Innovate and create novel mycoinsecticide system to promote green development of agriculture

丁玎
中国科学院动物研究所 北京 100101
DING Ding
Institutes of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
姜枫
中国科学院动物研究所 北京 100101
JIANG Feng
Institutes of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
操丽丽
中国科学院动物研究所 北京 100101
CAO Lili
Institutes of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
康乐*
中国科学院动物研究所 北京 100101
KANG Le*
Institutes of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

         化学农药减量;微生物农药;杀虫真菌;生物合成;绿色防控

        reduction of chemical pesticides;microbial pesticides;entomopathogenic fungi;biosynthesis;eco-friendly pest control

        化学农药在保障粮食生产方面发挥着重要的作用。但其长期不合理使用引起了严重的生态和环境安全及人类健康问题。为此，我国已颁布一系列政策旨在推进化学农药减量、促进农业高质量发展、保障食品安全。生物农药的应用是替代化学农药的主要途径。许多国家生物农药的使用占比一般在40%左右。真菌杀虫剂具有环境友好、可持续性强、抗药性低等优点，是未来生物农药创制和开发的主要形式。文章回顾了我国真菌杀虫剂的发展历程，分析了当前的发展现状、存在问题和面临的挑战。同时，对未来真菌杀虫剂类生物活体农药发展趋势进行展望，并针对我国新型真菌杀虫剂创制体系的构建提出了若干建议。

        The long-term irrational use of chemical pesticides has led to severe ecological, environmental, and human safety concerns, although chemical pesticides play an important role in increasing crop yields. In response, China has issued a series of policies to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, aiming to ensure food and agricultural safety while promoting high-quality agricultural development. Reducing the usage of chemical pesticides must be complemented by the adoption of biological pesticides. Globally, biological pesticides currently account for approximately 40% of total pesticide usage in many countries. Mycoinsecticide, characterized by their environmental friendliness, sustainability, and low resistance development, represents an important alternative to chemical pesticides. This study reviews the development history of mycoinsecticides in China, analyzes the current status, problems, and challenges. Additionally, the outlook is provided on the future trends of mycoinsecticide and several recommendations are proposed for the construction of a new mycoinsecticide creation system in China.