张玲玲,王富强,张明泽,李泽霞.重大科技基础设施赋能民营企业高质量发展：现状、挑战与对策建议[J].中国科学院院刊,2025,40(6):1058-1069.

重大科技基础设施赋能民营企业高质量发展：现状、挑战与对策建议

Large-scale research infrastructure empowers high-quality development of private enterprises: Current situation, challenges, and policy recommendations

张玲玲¹
中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院 北京 100190
ZHANG Lingling¹
School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
王富强^2,3
中国科学院大学 中丹学院 北京 100190;中国-丹麦科研教育中心 北京 100190
WANG Fuqiang^2,3
Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, China
张明泽^1,4
中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院 北京 100190;中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190
ZHANG Mingze^1,4
School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
李泽霞^1,4*
中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院 北京 100190;中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190
LI Zexia^1,4*
School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

         重大科技基础设施;民营企业;开放共享;新质生产力

        large-scale research infrastructure;private enterprises;open sharing;new-quality productive forces

        民营企业已成为我国经济发展的重要创新主体，重大科技基础设施作为突破关键核心技术的重要战略支撑和创新要素，可为民营企业创新发展提供平台支撑。当前，中国散裂中子源、上海同步辐射光源等我国部分重大科技基础设施已开始积极探索服务民营企业机制，助力一批民营企业突破关键核心技术、产生原创性成果。然而，目前我国重大科技基础设施向民营企业开放共享过程中存在信息不对称、专业人才短缺等问题，对民营企业开放水平和机时供给需进一步提升。为加强重大科技基础设施更好服务我国民营企业突破关键核心技术、促进产业发展，文章分析了我国民营企业创新能力及对重大科技基础设施使用需求，阐述了重大科技基础设施助力我国民营企业高质量创新发展内涵；深入剖析了民营企业使用重大科技基础设施的挑战，归纳总结了国外重大科技基础设施服务产业发展的经验。最后，从系统化制定重大科技基础设施服务产业创新合作计划、加强对民营企业的针对性宣传与推广等方面探讨推动重大科技基础设施向民营企业开放共享的经验和启示。

        Private enterprises have become an important source of innovation in China’s economic development. Large-scale research infrastructure, as a crucial strategic support and innovation element for breaking through key technologies, provides a platform for the innovative development of private enterprises. At present, some large-scale research infrastructures in China, such as the China Spallation Neutron Source and the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, have begun actively exploring mechanisms to serve private enterprises. These efforts have helped a number of private companies overcome critical technological bottlenecks and achieve original innovations. Nevertheless, in the current process of opening up large-scale research infrastructures to private enterprises in China, problems such as information asymmetry and a shortage of professional talent persist; in particular, the degree of openness to private enterprises and the availability of beamtime allocated to them still require significant improvement. To enhance the capacity of large-scale research infrastructure in supporting Chinese private enterprises to overcome key technological bottlenecks and promote industrial development, this study analyzes the innovation capabilities of Chinese private enterprises and their demand for large-scale research infrastructure. It elaborates on the role of such infrastructure in facilitating high-quality innovation-driven development of private enterprises. The study also provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by private enterprises in utilizing large-scale research infrastructure and summarizes international experiences in leveraging such infrastructure to support industrial development. Finally, the study explores actionable insights and recommendations for promoting the open and shared use of large-scale research infrastructures by private enterprises-including systematically formulating industrial innovation collaboration programs and enhancing targeted outreach and promotion efforts.