韩燕妮.关键核心技术攻关的案例研究与启示[J].中国科学院院刊,2025,40(5):946-958.

关键核心技术攻关的案例研究与启示

Case study and enlightenment of key and core technology research

韩燕妮
中国国际经济交流中心 北京 100050
HAN Yanni
China Center for International Economic Exchanges, Beijing 100050, China

         关键核心技术;案例研究;路径研究;攻关模式

        key and core technologies;case study;path research;model research

        改革开放以来，我国经济和科技发展均取得了长足进步，但错综复杂的国际形势让我们认识到仍然有不少关键核心技术受制于人，使我国在国际竞争处于被动局面。科技优势越来越多地被运用于国与国政治对抗中，成为重要的制裁手段和无形武器。而关键核心技术受制于人已经成为我国经济社会发展的隐患。文章基于已有成功的关键核心技术攻关案例研究，结合后发国家实现技术突破的“机会窗口”理论，根据技术所处发展阶段、市场需求特征和产品商业属性，寻找攻关的主要切入口，探索形成关键核心技术攻关的“机会窗口”模型，为完善关键核心技术攻关的机制设计提供了理论支撑和实践借鉴。

        Since the reform and opening up, China has made significant progress in economic and technological development. Nevertheless, the complex international situation has made us aware that there are still some visible and invisible key core technologies under the control of others, bring us into a passive situation in international competition. Technological advantages are increasingly being applied in political confrontations between nations, serving as important means of sanctions and invisible weapons. Being dependent on others for key and core technologies has become a hidden danger to China’s economic and social development. Based on case studies of some successful key and core technology breakthroughs and combining with the “window of opportunity theory” for latecomer countries to achieve technological catching-up, this study seeks the main entry points for breakthroughs according to the development stage of the technology, characteristics of market demand, and commercial attributes of products, determines the “catching-up model”, and provides both practical and theoretical significance for improving the institutional design of key and core technology breakthroughs.