洪涛,程乐*.全国算力体系一体化建设的五大问题及治理对策[J].中国科学院院刊,2024,39(12):2086-2095.

全国算力体系一体化建设的五大问题及治理对策

Five key issues and governance strategies in integration of China’s national computing power

洪涛
浙江大学 光华法学院 杭州 310008
HONG Tao
Guanghua Law School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310008, China
程乐*
浙江大学 光华法学院 杭州 310008
CHENG Le*
Guanghua Law School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310008, China

         算力体系|新质生产力|异构算力|算力规范

        computing power system|new quality productive forces|heterogeneous computing power|standardizing computing power

        作为人工智能核心要素的算力，相较于数据和算法，尚未得到足够的研究与关注，已经成为我国在国际人工智能竞争中的“短板”。算力体系一体化建设不仅是我国数字产业发展的内在要求，也是数字经济增长的规律导向，更是数字社会变革的核心驱动。当前，我国算力体系相关规范和实际布局还有所不足，算力体系一体化建设面临着异构算力布局失衡、算力区域发展差距悬殊、法律规范体系明显滞后、算电协同发展机制缺位、安全与发展未能兼重等五大问题。为此，应当培养多元产业生态，加快异构算力一体化应用；建立跨区域传调机制，实现东西部协同发展；完善法律规范体系，护航算力体系一体化建设；落实算电协同发展机制，促进算电一体化融合；重塑一体化建设理念，统筹算力安全与发展。

        Computing power, as a core element of artificial intelligence, has not received sufficient research and attention compared to data and algorithms, and has become the short board of China in international artificial intelligence competition. In fact, the integrated construction of the arithmetic system is not only an inherent requirement for the development of the digital industry, but also a regular guide for the growth of the digital economy, and a core driver for the transformation of the digital society. Although it has always secured endorsement by national policy, the relevant legal norms and actual layout are still insufficient, and the integrated construction of the computing power system faces five major issues: the imbalance of heterogeneous computing power layout, the huge gap in regional development of computing power, the obvious lag of the legal norm system, the lack of a mechanism for coordinated development of computing and electricity, and the inability to balance security and development. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate a diverse industrial ecology, to accelerate the integrated application of heterogeneous computing power; to establish a cross-regional transmission and adjustment mechanism to achieve coordinated development of the east and west; to improve the legal norm system to escort the integrated construction of the computing power system; to implement the mechanism for coordinated development of computing and electricity to ensure the integration of computing and electricity; and to reshape the concept of integrated construction and coordinate the security and development of computing power.