廖小罕,徐晨晨*,叶虎平.低空经济发展与低空路网基础设施建设的效益和挑战[J].中国科学院院刊,2024,39(11):1966-1981.

低空经济发展与低空路网基础设施建设的效益和挑战

Benefits and challenges of constructing low-altitude air route network infrastructure for developing low-altitude economy

廖小罕
1 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室 北京 100101;
2 中国民用航空局 低空地理信息与航路重点实验室 北京 100101
LIAO Xiaohan
1 State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Low-Altitude Geographic Information and Route, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing 100101, China
徐晨晨*
1 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室 北京 100101;
2 中国民用航空局 低空地理信息与航路重点实验室 北京 100101
XU Chenchen*
1 State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Low-Altitude Geographic Information and Route, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing 100101, China
叶虎平
1 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室 北京 100101;
2 中国民用航空局 低空地理信息与航路重点实验室 北京 100101
YE Huping
1 State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Low-Altitude Geographic Information and Route, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing 100101, China

         低空经济;低空路网;低空基础设施;空域收益

        low-altitude economy;low-altitude air route network;low-altitude infrastructure;airspace revenue

        低空空域是一种亟待充分开发的资源，低空经济是围绕低空空域开发、利用从而发展起来的新兴经济活动。无人机作为低空飞行活动的主体，其商业化、规模化、场景化的应用正促进低空经济的繁荣。低空路网是保障规模化无人机安全、高效运行的有效手段，也是低空交通的关键新型基础设施。历史表明，对交通基础设施的公共投资是一种有力促进经济发展的政策工具。因此，对低空路网基础设施的投资和建设也将促进低空经济的全面发展，带来极大的经济社会效益。针对当前低空经济科学定义和发展路线模糊等问题，文章尝试从地理学角度，提供一种通过构建低空路网基础设施及空域收益机制来释放低空经济发展潜力的技术方案。

        Low-altitude airspace is a resource that needs to be fully explored, and the low-altitude economy is a new type of economic activity resulted from low-altitude airspace exploration and utilization. As the primary players of low-altitude flight activities, the commercialization and wide applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are promoting the prosperity of the low-altitude economy. A low-altitude air route network is an effective means to ensure the safe and efficient operations of a large number of UAVs, and it is also a new key infrastructure hosting low-altitude traffic. The history shows that the investment on public transport infrastructure as a policy tool to help economic growth has been widely used; similarly, investment on and construction of the lowaltitude air route network infrastructure will yield significant social and economic benefits and foster a landscape rise of the lowaltitude economy. Addressing the current issues of vague definitions and development paths in the low-altitude economy, this study attempts to propose a technical solution from the perspectives of geography science by constructing low-altitude air route network infrastructure and an airspace revenue mechanism to unlock the potential of the low-altitude economy.