曹健林.新质生产力与高端装备制造：问题、思考与实践[J].中国科学院院刊,2024,39(9):1557-1563.

新质生产力与高端装备制造：问题、思考与实践

Emerging productivity and advanced equipment manufacturing: Issues, reflections, and practices

曹健林
季华实验室(先进制造科学与技术广东省实验室) 佛山 528200
CAO Jianlin
Ji Hua Laboratory (Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Science and Technology), Foshan 528200, China

         产业升级;高端装备制造;制造业企业;技术队伍;实践

        industrial upgrading;advanced equipment manufacturing;manufacturing enterprises;technical teams;practices

        发展新质生产力的重要内容之一是利用科学技术的最新成果进行产业升级，包括发展新兴产业、高技术产业和改造传统产业。高端装备制造较为薄弱是我国当前产业升级的难点与痛点。文章根据全球制造业企业的分布情况，提出了4类企业的分类概念，阐明了中国缺乏第4类企业 （能够在其生产的装备中集成相关最新技术成果的企业） 的原因及培育发展这类企业所面临的困难。文章还将高端装备相关的技术队伍分为3类——用装备、造装备和从事基础技术研究，明确提出要做好高端装备的研发和生产制造，必须有3支队伍的长期、稳定和密切合作。文章还介绍了季华实验室 （先进制造科学与技术广东省实验室） 的若干实践结果。

        An important aspect of developing new quality productivity is utilizing the latest scientific and technological advancements for industrial upgrading, which includes developing emerging industries (high-tech industries) and transforming traditional industries. The weakness in advanced equipment manufacturing is a key challenge in China’s current industrial upgrading. This study, based on the global distribution of manufacturing enterprises, proposes a classification of four types of enterprises. It explains the reasons behind China’s lack of the fourth type of enterprise (those capable of integrating the latest technological achievements into their produced equipment) and the difficulties in cultivating and developing such enterprises. The study also categorizes technical teams related to advanced equipment into three types (equipment users, equipment manufacturers, and fundamental technology researchers), emphasizing that successful research and production of advanced equipment require the long-term, stable, and close cooperation of these three teams. Finally, it introduces several practical outcomes from the Ji Hua Laboratory (Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Science and Technology) in Foshan, Guangdong Province, which was established in 2018.