刘箐,马璇戈,何晓松*.中国科学院院士特征分析——以2005—2023年新增选中国科学院院士为对象[J].中国科学院院刊,2024,39(8):1410-1423.

中国科学院院士特征分析——以2005—2023年新增选中国科学院院士为对象

Profiling academicians’ characteristics of Chinese Academy of Sciences: Analysis of newly elected academicians from 2005 to 2023

刘箐
中国科学技术大学 人文与社会科学学院 合肥 230051
LIU Qing
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230051, China
马璇戈
中国科学技术大学 人文与社会科学学院 合肥 230051
MA Xuange
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230051, China
何晓松*
中国科学技术大学 人文与社会科学学院 合肥 230051
HE Xiaosong*
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230051, China

         中国科学院院士;特征状况;省会比;行政职务;性别比例

        academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences;characteristic status;provincial capital ratio;administrative positions;gender gender ratio

        中国科学院院士称号是我国科研领域的最高荣誉，研究院士的特征状况对了解中国科研领域的发展现状、推动科技创新和人才培养等方面具有重要意义。文章选取2005—2023年新增选中国科学院院士出生地、年龄、性别、学位结构、工作单位及行政职务等进行计量学分析，得出：（1）中国科学院增选院士出生地分布以东、中部为主，来自省会的院士约占1/4；（2） 中国科学院增选院士的当选平均年龄相较于诺贝尔自然科学奖获得者年轻；（3）中国科学院增选院士中具备博士学位的院士占比逐年增高；（4）中国科学院增选院士工作单位以中国科学院及所属研究院所和教育部直属高校为主，增选院士平均行政任职数量为4个左右，选后任职数量总体多于选前任职；（5）中国科学院增选外籍院士来源依旧以美国等发达国家为主。

        The title of Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) represents the highest accolade in China’s scientific research field. Profiling the characteristics of CAS academicians can provide crucial insights into the current state of scientific research in China and play a vital role in fostering innovation and cultivating talents for the society. This study conducted a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the birthplaces, ages, genders, educational backgrounds, institutional affiliations, and administrative roles of newly elected CAS academicians from 2005 to 2023. Several key findings are identified, including: (1) the majority of newly elected CAS academicians originate from eastern and central regions of China, with about one-quarter from provincial capitals. (2) the average age of newly elected CAS academicians is younger compared to Nobel Prize laureates in natural sciences. (3) the percentage of newly elected CAS academicians who possess doctorate degrees has been increasing year by year. (4) the work units of newly elected CAS academicians are primarily the Chinese Academy of Sciences and its affiliated research institutes, as well as universities directly under the Ministry of Education. The average number of administrative positions held by these academicians is around four, and the number of positions held after their election tends to be higher than before. (5) Newly elected foreign academicians primarily originate from western developed countries, such as the United States and some other European countries.