陈挺,冷伏海,李国鹏,王小梅*.创新科学结构图谱对中美基础研究影响技术创新的揭示[J].中国科学院院刊,2024,(3):588-600.

创新科学结构图谱对中美基础研究影响技术创新的揭示

Innovation Science Structure Map: Uncovering influence on fundamental research to technological innovation in China and the United States

陈挺
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
CHEN Ting
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
冷伏海
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
LENG Fuhai
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
李国鹏
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
LI Guopeng
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
王小梅*
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
WANG Xiaomei*
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

         创新图谱;专利引用论文;基础研究;高被引论文;技术创新

        innovation map;patent-cited papers;basic research;highly cited papers;technological innovation

        文章利用科学结构图谱分析方法首次绘制了创新科学结构图谱，以被专利引用的基本科学指标数据库（ESI）高被引论文为数据基础，揭示了世界前沿基础研究对技术创新发展的影响情况；发现其中对技术创新发展起到推动作用的热点方向，并对比中美两国在这些热点方向上的表现，为科学决策提供有效的数据支撑。分析发现：被专利引用较高的论文主要集中在新生物技术与生物医疗技术、新兴信息技术、能源与材料这些可能引发颠覆性技术创新的基础研究领域；中国被专利引用的高被引论文增势明显，5年累计增长超过60%，但数量还是不到美国的50%；中国在不少与技术创新关联紧密的热点研究方向中的论文数量高于美国，但被专利引用的论文数量却通常低于美国；美国影响技术创新的基础研究内容更多的是引领产业变革方面的研发活动，并且有大量企业参与。

        For the first time, this study draws an Innovation Science Structure Map using the scientific structure mapping analysis method. It takes Essential Science Indicators (ESI) highly cited papers referenced in patents as the foundatial analyzing data, revealing the impact of leading-edge fundamental research on the development of technological innovation worldwide. It identifies the hotspot areas that are driving the advancement of technological innovation and compares the performance between China and the United States in these areas, providing robust data support for informed scientific decision-making. The analysis reveals that papers with a high number of patent references are primarily concentrated in emerging biotechnology and biomedical fields, as well as in new information technology, energy, and materials sectors that are likely to trigger disruptive technological innovations. There is a noticeable growth trend in China for papers with high citation counts referenced in patents, with a five-year cumulative growth exceeding 60%, but the total number is still less than half of that in the United States. The number of papers from China in many research hotspots closely associated with technological innovation is higher than that of the United States. Still, the count of papers referenced in patents is usually lower. The United States tends to fundamental research that influences technological innovation, leading more towards industrial transformation-related R&D activities, and involves a large number of enterprises.