宋大成,肖帅,李天鸣,温珂,游玎怡,张辰,魏强,郭润桐.国外重大科技基础设施开放共享模式比较及对我国的启示[J].中国科学院院刊,2024,(3):447-458.

国外重大科技基础设施开放共享模式比较及对我国的启示

Comparison of open sharing modes of foreign large-scale scientific facilities and implications for China

宋大成^1，2
中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049;中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
SONG Dacheng^1，2
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
肖帅³
中国科学院科技创新发展中心 北京 100190
XIAO Shuai³
Science and Technology Innovation Development Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
李天鸣³
中国科学院科技创新发展中心 北京 100190
LI Tianming³
Science and Technology Innovation Development Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
温珂^1，2*
中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049;1 中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049
WEN Ke^1，2*
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1 School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
游玎怡⁴
四川大学 公共管理学院 成都 610065
YOU Dingyi⁴
School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
张辰³
中国科学院科技创新发展中心 北京 100190
ZHANG Chen³
Science and Technology Innovation Development Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
魏强³
中国科学院科技创新发展中心 北京 100190
WEI Qiang³
Science and Technology Innovation Development Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
郭润桐^1，2
中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049;中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
GUO Runtong^1，2
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

         重大科技基础设施;资源稀缺性;资源可持续性;开放共享模式;案例比较

        large-scale scientific facilities;resource scarcity;resource sustainability;open sharing modes;case comparison

        重大科技基础设施开放共享在开放科学生态系统中扮演着关键角色，对于促进科学技术的发展、增进创新合作和提升国家综合竞争力具有重要意义。文章从资源稀缺性和资源可持续性2个维度出发，系统梳理了重大科技基础设施的4种开放共享模式：公共普惠共享模式、市场响应共享模式、集约保障共享模式和战略合作共享模式。遴选国外代表性案例，通过多案例比较分析，文章进一步阐述了不同开放共享模式的基本特征。最后，基于对这些模式的深入分析，探讨对我国推动重大科技基础设施开放共享方面可借鉴的经验和启示。

        The open sharing of large-scale scientific facilities plays a pivotal role in the ecosystem of open science. This is of great significance for promoting the development of science and technology, enhancing innovation cooperation, and boosting the overall competitive strength of nations. Starting from two dimensions of resource scarcity and sustainability, this study systematically sorts out four open sharing modes of large-scale scientific facilities: the public and inclusive sharing mode, the market response sharing mode, the intensive guarantee sharing mode, and the Strategic Cooperation Sharing Mode. Through the comparison analysis of four foreign large-scale scientific facilities, the study further elaborates the basic characteristics and applicable conditions of different open sharing modes. Finally, based on the in-depth analysis of the above modes, the implications for promoting the open sharing of large-scale scientific facilities in China are discussed.