史九领,洪永淼,刘颖.美国《2022年芯片与科学法案》对我国相关产业的影响与对策[J].中国科学院院刊,2024,39(2):379-387.

美国《2022年芯片与科学法案》对我国相关产业的影响与对策

Impact of CHIPS and Science Act of 2022 on China’s related industries and policy suggestions

史九领^1，3
中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 数字经济监测预测预警与政策仿真教育部哲学社会科学实验室(培育) 北京 100190
SHI Jiuling^1，3
School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;MOE Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Digital Economic Monitoring, Forecasting, Early Warning, and Policy Simulation (Cultivation) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
洪永淼^1，2，3
中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院 北京 100190;中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 数字经济监测预测预警与政策仿真教育部哲学社会科学实验室(培育) 北京 100190
HONG Yongmiao^1，2，3
School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;MOE Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Digital Economic Monitoring, Forecasting, Early Warning, and Policy Simulation (Cultivation) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
刘颖^1，3*
中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 数字经济监测预测预警与政策仿真教育部哲学社会科学实验室(培育) 北京 100190
LIU Ying^1，3*
School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;MOE Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Digital Economic Monitoring, Forecasting, Early Warning, and Policy Simulation (Cultivation) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

         《2022年芯片与科学法案》;半导体产业;经济影响;中国对策

        CHIPS and Science Act of 2022;semiconductor industry;economic impact;China’s countermeasures

        芯片作为现代信息技术的基石，是世界各国竞争博弈和产业发展的战略制高点。近年来，美国利用技术优势接连出台针对中国的芯片法案，严重违背了市场经济规律，对全球半导体产业链造成重大影响。文章首先梳理了全球半导体产业的发展格局，在此基础上介绍了美国《2022年芯片与科学法案》出台的背景、内容与目的，然后分析了该法案对全球芯片市场、中国芯片产业及其相关产业与中国经济的影响，最后结合我国实际国情提出了应对策略。

        As the cornerstone of modern information technology, chips are the strategic commanding heights of competition game and industrial development of countries all over the world. In recent years, the United States has taken advantage of its technological advances to successively introduce chip laws against China, which seriously violates the laws of market economy and has a significant impact on the global semiconductor industry chain. This study first sorts out the development pattern of the global semiconductor industry, and then introduces the background, content and purpose of CHIPS and Science Act of 2022. Then, it analyzes the impact of the Act on the global chip market, China’s chip industry and other related industries, and China’s economy. Finally, it puts forward countermeasures based on China’s actual conditions.