李岚春,陈伟,岳芳,汤匀.英国碳中和战略政策体系研究与启示[J].中国科学院院刊,2023,38(3):465-476.

英国碳中和战略政策体系研究与启示

Enlightenment from Studies on Carbon Neutral Strategies of UK

李岚春^1,2
中国科学院武汉文献情报中心 武汉 430071;科技大数据湖北省重点实验室 武汉 430071
LI Lanchun^1,2
Wuhan Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data in Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
陈伟^1,2,3*
中国科学院武汉文献情报中心 武汉 430071;科技大数据湖北省重点实验室 武汉 430071;中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院 北京 100190
CHEN Wei^1,2,3*
Wuhan Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data in Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China;School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
岳芳^1,2
中国科学院武汉文献情报中心 武汉 430071;科技大数据湖北省重点实验室 武汉 430071
YUE Fang^1,2
Wuhan Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data in Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
汤匀^1,2
中国科学院武汉文献情报中心 武汉 430071;科技大数据湖北省重点实验室 武汉 430071
TANG Yun^1,2
Wuhan Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data in Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China

         碳中和;政策体系;英国

        carbon neutral;policy systems;UK

        英国是碳中和战略行动的倡议者和先行者，深入解析其政策体系特征，对我国推进碳达峰、碳中和（以下简称“双碳”）行动部署具有参考价值。文章在内容分析和扎根理论方法的基础上，设计提出宏观战略（macro-strategy）、中观架构（medium-skeleton）和微观结构（micro-structure）的“ 3 MS”分析框架，深度挖掘其政策的文本和逻辑特征。研究显示，英国基本形成碳中和战略“ 1+1+N+X”政策体系，构建了“咨询—决策—执行—评估”战略推进体系，具有中央统筹、机构推进、智库支撑、私营协同的组织架构，以及立法约束、整体部署、任务明确、细化响应、相互支撑、科技引领等政策网络。相比之下，我国在立法保障、推进体系、智库支撑等方面仍存在不足，建议从法律保障、体制机制、实施路径、科技创新、智库支撑等5个维度，针对不同减排部门、不同产业技术，以及政府、行业、企业、社会等多个层面，不断完善我国“1+N”政策体系。

        The UK is a proponent and pioneer of carbon neutral strategic actions. In-depth analysis and comparison of the characteristics of the carbon neutral policy system between China and the UK will be of reference value for China to promote the deployment of carbon neutral actions. Based on content analysis and grounded theory method, the "3MS" analysis framework of macro-strategy, medium skeleton and microstructure are designed and put forward, and the overall text and logical characteristics of its policy are summarized. Research shows that at the overall level, the UK has basically formed the policy system of "1+1+N+X" for carbon neutrality strategy, and established a strategic promotion system of "consultation, decision making, implementation and evaluation", with an organizational structure of central coordination, institutional promotion, think tank support and private collaboration. In addition, it has well-coordinated policy networks such as legislative constraints, overall deployment, clear mission, detailed response, mutual support, and technological guidance. In contrast, China's legislative guarantee, promotion system and think tank support are insufficient. It is suggested that the five dimensions of legal guarantee, system and mechanism, implementation path, scientific and technological innovation, and think tank support should be taken into consideration. The improvement of China's carbon peak and carbon neutral strategic policy system should be undertaken from the perspectives of different emission reduction departments, different industrial technologies, as well as government, industry, enterprise, society and other levels.