张海波,戴新宇,钱德沛,吕建.新一代信息技术赋能应急管理现代化的战略分析[J].中国科学院院刊,2022,37(12):1727-1737.
新一代信息技术赋能应急管理现代化的战略分析
Strategic Perspective of Leveraging New Generation Information Technology to Enable Modernization of Emergency Management
新一代信息技术赋能应急管理现代化的战略分析
Strategic Perspective of Leveraging New Generation Information Technology to Enable Modernization of Emergency Management
作者
张海波1*
南京大学 政府管理学院 南京 210023
ZHANG Haibo1*
School of Government, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
戴新宇2*
南京大学 计算机软件新技术全国重点实验室 南京 210023
DAI Xinyu2*
National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
钱德沛3
北京航空航天大学 计算机学院 北京 100191
QIAN Depei3
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
吕建2
南京大学 计算机软件新技术全国重点实验室 南京 210023
LYU Jian2
National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
南京大学 政府管理学院 南京 210023
ZHANG Haibo1*
School of Government, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
戴新宇2*
南京大学 计算机软件新技术全国重点实验室 南京 210023
DAI Xinyu2*
National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
钱德沛3
北京航空航天大学 计算机学院 北京 100191
QIAN Depei3
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
吕建2
南京大学 计算机软件新技术全国重点实验室 南京 210023
LYU Jian2
National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
中文关键词
应急管理;现代化;信息技术;大数据;人工智能
英文关键词
emergency management;modernization;information technology;big data;artificial intelligence
中文摘要
新一代信息技术的应用和发展是实现应急管理现代化的重要支撑。大数据、人工智能等新一代信息技术已经在自然灾害、安全生产等领域得到应用，提高了政府监测预警、监管执法、应急指挥决策辅助、救援实战和社会动员能力，改进了企业本质安全水平，也为新冠肺炎疫情的精准防控提供了重要支撑，提升了应急管理的效能，增强了公众的安全感。在以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的过程中，从以新安全格局保障新发展格局的战略需求出发，新一代信息技术的发展和应用不仅要满足单点、具体的业务需求，还需要更加重视非常规突发事件的应急管理，更加凸显总体国家安全观的价值引领，更加注重对中国应急管理制度优势的支撑，更加强调数据资源的标准衔接、开放创新与智能化利用，以降解不确定性为主线，实现信息技术与应急管理的协同演化。着力于研究，新一代信息技术赋能应急管理现代化还需要助力自主知识建构、推进学科交叉融合、引领信息技术创新、促进产业繁荣发展，为实现中国式现代化作出更大的贡献。
英文摘要
The application and development of the new generation information technology is a vital support to realize the modernization of emergency management. At present, the new generation information technology such as big data and artificial intelligence has been widely used in natural disasters, safe production, and other fields. It has improved the monitoring and early warning, regulation and law enforcement, command and decision support, rescue, and social mobilization capabilities of governments, promoted the level of intrinsic safety of enterprises, provided important support for the precise prevention and control of the COVID-19, and increased the efficiency of China’s emergency management and sense of security of the public. In the process of comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with the Chinese modernization, driven by the strategic need of using the new security paradigm to ensure the new development paradigm, the application of the new generation information technology shall not only meet single and specific needs of operations, but also pay more attention to the management of unconventional emergencies, the value guidance of the overall national security concept, the support to the institutional advantages of China’s emergency management, and the standard articulation, open innovation of data resources, and intelligent utilization, so as to realize the co-evolution between emergency management and information technology based on the decrease of uncertainty. The modernization of emergency management supported by the new generation information technology also needs to play an important role in developing independent knowledge, promoting interdisciplinary integration, leading information technology innovation, facilitating industrial prosperity and development, and making more contributions to the Chinese modernization.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20221117007
作者简介
张海波 南京大学政府管理学院副院长、教授、博士生导师。国务院学位委员会国家安全学学科评议组成员,国家社会科学基金重大项目"提升我国应急管理体系与能力现代化水平研究"首席专家。研究方向为应急管理、社会治理、国家安全,在相关领域发表学术论文 100余篇。
E-mail:zhb@nju.edu.cn
ZHANG Haibo Professor and Associate Dean of School of Government, Nanjing University, Member of National Security Discipline Appraisal Group of Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, and Principal Investigator of Major Project of National Social Science Fund "Facilitating Modernization of the National Emergency Management System and Capacity of China". His research interests include emergency management, social governance, and national security, and he has published more than 100 papers in academic journals.
E-mail:zhb@nju.edu.cn
戴新宇 南京大学人工智能学院副院长、教授、博士生导师。中国计算机学会自然语言处理专委会常委委员,国家制造强国建设战略咨询委员会智能制造专家委员会委员。研究方向为人工智能和自然语言处理。在相关领域顶级国际会议和期刊发表论文 60余篇。曾入选 2019年度高校计算机专业优秀教师奖励计划。
E-mail:daixinyu@nju.edu.cn
DAI Xinyu Professor and Vice Dean of School of Artificial Intelligence at Nanjing University. His research interests include artificial intelligence, natural language processing and knowledge engineering. Prof. Dai was awarded by the Program for Outstanding Teachers of Computer Science in Colleges and Universities in 2019. He has published over 60 papers in top-tier conferences and journals.
E-mail:daixinyu@nju.edu.cn
E-mail:zhb@nju.edu.cn
ZHANG Haibo Professor and Associate Dean of School of Government, Nanjing University, Member of National Security Discipline Appraisal Group of Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, and Principal Investigator of Major Project of National Social Science Fund "Facilitating Modernization of the National Emergency Management System and Capacity of China". His research interests include emergency management, social governance, and national security, and he has published more than 100 papers in academic journals.
E-mail:zhb@nju.edu.cn
戴新宇 南京大学人工智能学院副院长、教授、博士生导师。中国计算机学会自然语言处理专委会常委委员,国家制造强国建设战略咨询委员会智能制造专家委员会委员。研究方向为人工智能和自然语言处理。在相关领域顶级国际会议和期刊发表论文 60余篇。曾入选 2019年度高校计算机专业优秀教师奖励计划。
E-mail:daixinyu@nju.edu.cn
DAI Xinyu Professor and Vice Dean of School of Artificial Intelligence at Nanjing University. His research interests include artificial intelligence, natural language processing and knowledge engineering. Prof. Dai was awarded by the Program for Outstanding Teachers of Computer Science in Colleges and Universities in 2019. He has published over 60 papers in top-tier conferences and journals.
E-mail:daixinyu@nju.edu.cn
