范全林,宋婷婷,时蓬,魏海燕,陈小莉,王学昭,郭世杰.空间科学强国指标体系研究及其启示[J].中国科学院院刊,2022,37(8):1076-1087.

空间科学强国指标体系研究及其启示

On Index System of Space Science Strength and Its Enlightenment

范全林¹
中国科学院国家空间科学中心 北京 100190
FAN Quanlin¹
National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
宋婷婷¹
中国科学院国家空间科学中心 北京 100190
SONG Tingting¹
National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
时蓬¹
中国科学院国家空间科学中心 北京 100190
SHI Peng¹
National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
魏海燕¹
中国科学院国家空间科学中心 北京 100190
WEI Haiyan¹
National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
陈小莉²
中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190
CHEN Xiaoli²
National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
王学昭²
中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190
WANG Xuezhao²
National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
郭世杰²
中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190
GUO Shijie²
National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

         科技强国;航天强国;空间科学;指标体系;评价与预测;战略研究

        S&T strength;space strength;space science;index system;evaluation and forecasting;strategic planning

        航天科技成就是国家科技水平和科技能力的重要标志。当前我国空间技术领域发展最好，空间应用领域有待加强，空间科学领域相对最弱；建设空间科学强国、破解航天强国“短板”的国家重大战略需求极其迫切。文章阐明了空间科学强国的内涵，首次给出了空间科学强国的三级指标体系。以此为基础，剖析了我国空间科学在世界上所处的位置，明确了主要的差距所在，提出了未来的发展建议。文章虽然利用构建的空间科学强国指标体系给出了我国空间科学世界第三的国别排序，但不应过度解读；相反，应以缩小差距乃至领先世界为目标，在未来15—30年的有限时间窗口期内，通过国家空间科学投入双15%占比的增长引爆空间科学原创力，加速空间科学发展，以期使发达的空间科学及其重大原创突破成为21世纪中叶我国航天强国、科技强国建成的先行标志。

        Major achievements of space science and technology are important symbols of a country's scientific and technological level and ability. The basic consensus of the aerospace community is that China's space technology has been well-developed, space applications need to be strengthened, and space science is relatively the less-developed. Thus, it is extremely urgent for China to build a strong country in space science and tackle the "bottleneck". Here we elaborate the internal logic among the strength of S&T, aerospace, and space science, expound the connotation of space science strength, investigate the index system, and suggest the three-tier system scientifically for the first time. On this basis, this study analyzes China's world position, finds the main gap, and puts forward several suggestions for its future development. Although this outcome indicates that China is in the third place in global space science, it should not be over interpreted. On the contrary, the core aim lies in that we should accelerate the development of space science with 15% growth of the national space science investment in the limited time window period of the next 15~30 years, and build up the leading space science and accomplish major original breakthroughs, the primary sign of China as an aerospace strength and S&T strength in the middle of 21st century.