曹玲静,张志强*.发展高风险高回报研究的科技政策机制[J].中国科学院院刊,2022,37(5):661-673.
发展高风险高回报研究的科技政策机制
Developing Science and Technology Policies for High Risk-High Reward Research
发展高风险高回报研究的科技政策机制
Developing Science and Technology Policies for High Risk-High Reward Research
作者
曹玲静
中国科学院成都文献情报中心 成都 610041;中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院图书情报与档案管理系 北京 100190
CAO Lingjing
Chengdu Library and Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;Department of Library, Information and Archives Management, School of Economics and Management, University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
张志强*
中国科学院成都文献情报中心 成都 610041;中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院图书情报与档案管理系 北京 100190
ZHANG Zhiqiang*
Chengdu Library and Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;Department of Library, Information and Archives Management, School of Economics and Management, University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
中国科学院成都文献情报中心 成都 610041;中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院图书情报与档案管理系 北京 100190
CAO Lingjing
Chengdu Library and Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;Department of Library, Information and Archives Management, School of Economics and Management, University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
张志强*
中国科学院成都文献情报中心 成都 610041;中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院图书情报与档案管理系 北京 100190
ZHANG Zhiqiang*
Chengdu Library and Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;Department of Library, Information and Archives Management, School of Economics and Management, University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
中文关键词
高风险高回报研究;突破性创新;原始创新;科研资助;科技政策;学术评议
英文关键词
High Risk-High Reward (HRHR);transformative innovation;original innovation;science funding;science and technology policy;academic review
中文摘要
高风险高回报（HRHR）研究是指科学研究问题的挑战性或失败风险很高但其成功后的突破性、变革性和原创性鲜明的科学研究类型，其体现科技原始创新能力，致力于产出重大科学发现和技术突破成果，有利于加快提升国家科技创新核心竞争力，这方面的理论与方法研究有助于完善科技政策。深入洞明国际上该类研究的发展背景、概念内涵及特征，探讨构建“决策-资助-执行”三位一体的HRHR研究管理体系，并以国际典型科研机构的HRHR研究项目为例，系统分析、比较与归纳改进的同行评议、项目经理制和去评审化等代表性学术评议机制的基本原理、评审流程及优缺点等，可以为完善国家科研管理政策提供依据。借鉴国外HRHR研究项目资助的有益经验提出建议：制定促进HRHR研究的科技管理政策；完善遴选HRHR研究的项目评议机制；营造激励HRHR研究的卓越学术生态。
英文摘要
High Risk-High Reward (HRHR) research refers to scientific research with high risk of failure but characterized by breakthrough, innovation and originality. It truly reflects the original innovation ability of science and technology, is committed to bringing major scientific discoveries and technological breakthroughs, and is conducive to accelerating the improvement of national competitiveness in original science and technology. The theoretical and methodological research in this area will help improve science and technology policies. On the basis of clarifying its development background, conceptual connotation and characteristics, this paper discusses the construction of a "decision-fundingimplementation" model of HRHR research and management system. By taking the HRHR projects of typical international scientific research institutions as case studies, it systematically analyzes, compares and summarizes the basic principles, review processes, advantages and disadvantages of representative academic review mechanisms such as peer-review model, project-manager model, and de-review model. Based on the innovation experience of foreign HRHR research projects, some suggestions are put forward:formulate HRHR research funding policies to promote original innovation; improve the academic review mechanism for selecting HRHR research; and create an excellent academic ecology that stimulates HRHR research development.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20220108001
作者简介
曹玲静 中国科学院成都文献情报中心博士研究生。主要研究领域:情报学理论方法与应用、科技政策与政策信息学等。发表论文10余篇。
E-mail:caolingjing@mail.las.ac.cn
CAO Lingjing Doctoral candidate,Chengdu Library and Information Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).Dr.Cao has published more than 10 papers.Her major research fields are methods and applications of information science,science policy and policy informatics.
E-mail:caolingjing@mail.las.ac.cn
张志强 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院教授,中国科学院成都文献情报中心研究员。四川省委省政府决策咨询委员会委员,四川省学术和技术带头人,成都市科技顾问团顾问。独立或合作出版专编著30部、出版译著13部、发表论文400余篇。获得省部级科技进步奖、社会科学优秀成果奖等科技成果奖励20项。主要研究领域:科技战略与规划、科技政策与管理、情报学理论方法与应用、生态经济学与可持续发展等。
E-mail:zhangzq@clas.ac.cn
ZHANG Zhiqiang Professor of School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,and Professor of Chengdu Library and Information Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).Member of the Advisory Committee for Decision-making of Sichuan Province,Academic and Technological Leader of Sichuan Province,and Consultant of Chengdu Science and Technology Advisory Group.Dr.Zhang has published 30 monographs,13 translated works and more than 400 papers independently or jointly,and has won 20 awards for scientific achievements,such as provincial and ministerial awards for scientific and technological progress and awards for outstanding achievements in social sciences.His major research fields are strategic planning for scientific and technological development,science policy and research management,methods and applications of information analysis,and ecological economics and sustainable development.
E-mail:zhangzq@clas.ac.cn
E-mail:caolingjing@mail.las.ac.cn
CAO Lingjing Doctoral candidate,Chengdu Library and Information Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).Dr.Cao has published more than 10 papers.Her major research fields are methods and applications of information science,science policy and policy informatics.
E-mail:caolingjing@mail.las.ac.cn
张志强 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院教授,中国科学院成都文献情报中心研究员。四川省委省政府决策咨询委员会委员,四川省学术和技术带头人,成都市科技顾问团顾问。独立或合作出版专编著30部、出版译著13部、发表论文400余篇。获得省部级科技进步奖、社会科学优秀成果奖等科技成果奖励20项。主要研究领域:科技战略与规划、科技政策与管理、情报学理论方法与应用、生态经济学与可持续发展等。
E-mail:zhangzq@clas.ac.cn
ZHANG Zhiqiang Professor of School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,and Professor of Chengdu Library and Information Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).Member of the Advisory Committee for Decision-making of Sichuan Province,Academic and Technological Leader of Sichuan Province,and Consultant of Chengdu Science and Technology Advisory Group.Dr.Zhang has published 30 monographs,13 translated works and more than 400 papers independently or jointly,and has won 20 awards for scientific achievements,such as provincial and ministerial awards for scientific and technological progress and awards for outstanding achievements in social sciences.His major research fields are strategic planning for scientific and technological development,science policy and research management,methods and applications of information analysis,and ecological economics and sustainable development.
E-mail:zhangzq@clas.ac.cn
