王法明,唐剑武,叶思源,刘纪化.中国滨海湿地的蓝色碳汇功能及碳中和对策[J].中国科学院院刊,,():.
中国滨海湿地的蓝色碳汇功能及碳中和对策
Blue Carbon Sink Function of Chinese Coastal Wetlands and Carbon Neutrality Strategy
中国滨海湿地的蓝色碳汇功能及碳中和对策
Blue Carbon Sink Function of Chinese Coastal Wetlands and Carbon Neutrality Strategy
作者
王法明 唐剑武 叶思源 刘纪化
中文关键词
滨海湿地，碳中和，固碳，蓝碳，红树林，盐沼湿地，滩涂，恢复
英文关键词
coastal wetland, Carbon (C) neutrality, C sequestration, blue carbon, mangrove, salt marsh, tidal flat, restoration
中文摘要
滨海湿地是海岸带“蓝碳”生态系统的主体，提高其蓝碳碳汇的生态系统服务功能是重要的基于海洋的气候变化治理手段，属于“基于自然的解决方案”。中国滨海湿地以盐沼湿地为主，红树林面积较小，而无植被覆盖的滨海滩涂面积广大。据保守数据估算，当前我国滨海湿地每年通过沉积物埋藏所固定的碳可达0.97 Tg C·a-1，并将能持续增长，在21世纪末增加到1.82—3.64 Tg C·a-1。为实现2060年碳中和的承诺，中国应加强滨海湿地的科学研究，保护现存湿地生态系统结构与功能的完整性，停止破坏性的滨海湿地开发活动，恢复和新建滨海湿地生态系统，增强其蓝碳生态系统服务功能，在保护生态功能的同时受惠于增汇固碳。
英文摘要
Coastal wetlands are the main body of the coastal “blue carbon (C)” ecosystem, and their “blue C” and ecosystem service function are important ocean-based climate change governance methods, which is a “nature-based solution”. Chinese coastal wetlands are dominated by salt marshes, with little area of mangroves, while the area of unvegetated tidal flats is large. According to conservative estimation, the current C sequestration of coastal wetlands through sediment burial in China reaches to 0.97 Tg C·a-1, and would increase to 1.82-3.64 Tg C·a-1 at the end of this century. To achieve the commitment of “C neutrality” in 2060, China should strengthen scientific research on coastal wetlands, protect the integrity of the structure and function of the existing coastal wetland ecosystems, stop destructive coastal wetlands development activities, and actively and steadily promote the ecological restoration of coastal wetlands, restore and enhance its “blue C” function, and benefit from C sink gains while protecting the nature.
作者简介
王法明
中国科学院华南植物园研究员，中国科学院小良热带海岸带生态系统研究站副站长。2005年本科毕业于山东大学，2010年博士毕业于中国科学院研究生院，曾在美国芝加哥大学海洋生物实验室（Marine Biological Laboratory）从事4年博士后研究。主要研究方向为海岸带森林和湿地碳循环。已发表第一作者和通讯作者SCI论文24篇，包括National Science Review、Nature Communications、Functional Ecology等重要期刊；主持和完成国家自然科学基金4项、广东省自然科学基金2项；入选国家林业和草原局科技创新青年拔尖人才、广州市珠江科技新星、中国科学院青年创新促进会会员，并获得广东省杰出青年科学基金资助。目前担任SCI期刊Functional Ecology、Ecology and Evolution副主编，以及Journal of Plant Ecology和《应用生态学报》编委。
E-mail: wangfm@scbg.ac.cn
WANG Faming
Professor in South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Deputy Director of Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, CAS. Prof. Wang is a biogeochemist focused on examining how human perturbations of the terrestrial and coastal ecosystems affected carbon cycling, nutrients availability, and the response of plants and soil microbes. Much of his research is focused on tropical forests and coastal wetlands, which have the highest biomass and C sequestration rate in the planet, respectively, and are hotspots for biogeochemical cycling. He has published over 50 papers in academic journals, including 24 papers as leading author published in the high ranked journals like National Science Review, Nature Communications, Functional Ecology, etc. He also served as Associate Editor for Functional Ecology, Ecology and Evolution, and Editorial Board for Journal of Plant Ecology and Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.
E-mail: wangfm@scbg.ac.cn
刘纪化
山东大学副教授。曾任戈登论坛（青年论坛）主席（GRS Chair，2016—2018年）。主要研究领域为海洋微型生物介导的碳-氮-硫元素循环。研究方向包括海洋有机碳迁移转化的微生物过程机制、海洋微型生物光合自养和异养呼吸过程参数、海洋碳汇过程和负排放生物技术研发。曾主持和参与多项国家自然科学基金和科学技术部国家重点研发计划等项目/课题。
E-mail: liujihua1982@foxmail.com
LIU Jihua
Associate Professor of Shandong University, who was the Chair of Gordon Research Seminar (GRS) during 2016-2018. His research has attempted to identify the processes and mechanisms of Carbon-Nitrogen-Sulfur cycling mediated by micro-organisms in the ocean, including but not limited to microbial transformation of organic carbon, photosynthesis and respiration rate and the technology in Ocean Carbon Negative Emission. His research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and Key Research and Development Program of China.
E-mail: liujihua1982@foxmail.com
中国科学院华南植物园研究员，中国科学院小良热带海岸带生态系统研究站副站长。2005年本科毕业于山东大学，2010年博士毕业于中国科学院研究生院，曾在美国芝加哥大学海洋生物实验室（Marine Biological Laboratory）从事4年博士后研究。主要研究方向为海岸带森林和湿地碳循环。已发表第一作者和通讯作者SCI论文24篇，包括National Science Review、Nature Communications、Functional Ecology等重要期刊；主持和完成国家自然科学基金4项、广东省自然科学基金2项；入选国家林业和草原局科技创新青年拔尖人才、广州市珠江科技新星、中国科学院青年创新促进会会员，并获得广东省杰出青年科学基金资助。目前担任SCI期刊Functional Ecology、Ecology and Evolution副主编，以及Journal of Plant Ecology和《应用生态学报》编委。
E-mail: wangfm@scbg.ac.cn
WANG Faming
Professor in South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Deputy Director of Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, CAS. Prof. Wang is a biogeochemist focused on examining how human perturbations of the terrestrial and coastal ecosystems affected carbon cycling, nutrients availability, and the response of plants and soil microbes. Much of his research is focused on tropical forests and coastal wetlands, which have the highest biomass and C sequestration rate in the planet, respectively, and are hotspots for biogeochemical cycling. He has published over 50 papers in academic journals, including 24 papers as leading author published in the high ranked journals like National Science Review, Nature Communications, Functional Ecology, etc. He also served as Associate Editor for Functional Ecology, Ecology and Evolution, and Editorial Board for Journal of Plant Ecology and Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.
E-mail: wangfm@scbg.ac.cn
刘纪化
山东大学副教授。曾任戈登论坛（青年论坛）主席（GRS Chair，2016—2018年）。主要研究领域为海洋微型生物介导的碳-氮-硫元素循环。研究方向包括海洋有机碳迁移转化的微生物过程机制、海洋微型生物光合自养和异养呼吸过程参数、海洋碳汇过程和负排放生物技术研发。曾主持和参与多项国家自然科学基金和科学技术部国家重点研发计划等项目/课题。
E-mail: liujihua1982@foxmail.com
LIU Jihua
Associate Professor of Shandong University, who was the Chair of Gordon Research Seminar (GRS) during 2016-2018. His research has attempted to identify the processes and mechanisms of Carbon-Nitrogen-Sulfur cycling mediated by micro-organisms in the ocean, including but not limited to microbial transformation of organic carbon, photosynthesis and respiration rate and the technology in Ocean Carbon Negative Emission. His research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and Key Research and Development Program of China.
E-mail: liujihua1982@foxmail.com
