李保国,刘忠,黄峰,杨晓光,刘志娟,万炜,汪景宽,徐英德,李子忠,任图生.巩固黑土地粮仓 保障国家粮食安全[J].中国科学院院刊,2021,36(10):1184-1193.
巩固黑土地粮仓 保障国家粮食安全
Ensuring National Food Security by Strengthening High-productivity Black Soil Granary in Northeast China
巩固黑土地粮仓 保障国家粮食安全
Ensuring National Food Security by Strengthening High-productivity Black Soil Granary in Northeast China
作者
李保国1*
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
LI Baoguo1*
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
刘忠1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
LIU Zhong1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
黄峰1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
HUANG Feng1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
杨晓光2
中国农业大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100193
YANG Xiaoguang2
College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
刘志娟2
中国农业大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100193
LIU Zhijuan2
College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
万炜1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
WAN Wei1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
汪景宽3
沈阳农业大学 土地与环境学院 沈阳 110866
WANG Jingkuan3
College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
徐英德3
沈阳农业大学 土地与环境学院 沈阳 110866
XU Yingde3
College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
李子忠1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
LI Zizhong1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
任图生1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
REN Tusheng1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
LI Baoguo1*
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
刘忠1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
LIU Zhong1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
黄峰1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
HUANG Feng1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
杨晓光2
中国农业大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100193
YANG Xiaoguang2
College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
刘志娟2
中国农业大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100193
LIU Zhijuan2
College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
万炜1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
WAN Wei1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
汪景宽3
沈阳农业大学 土地与环境学院 沈阳 110866
WANG Jingkuan3
College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
徐英德3
沈阳农业大学 土地与环境学院 沈阳 110866
XU Yingde3
College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
李子忠1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
LI Zizhong1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
任图生1
中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院 北京 100193
REN Tusheng1
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
中文关键词
黑土地;粮食安全;黑土地粮仓;土地退化
英文关键词
black soils;food security;Black Soil Granary;land degradation
中文摘要
粮食安全是国家安全的重要保障。东北黑土区是我国重要的商品粮生产基地，在保障国家粮食安全中起到“压舱石”的作用。但由于该区域耕地的高强度、不合理或过度利用造成了严峻的黑土退化问题。因此，如何使黑土地粮仓高效、可持续地为国家粮食安全提供保障，是当前亟待解决的科学问题。文章系统梳理了改革开放以来黑土地粮仓的农业发展状况；在此基础上，系统总结了黑土地粮食生产可持续发展所面临的问题，并结合中央对东北地区农业生产要求，提出了协调粮食安全和生态安全、增强粮食生产可持续发展的相应对策。以期为东北黑土区农业可持续发展提供参考，为国家粮食战略部署、农业政策制定及国家粮食安全稳固等提供科学指导。
英文摘要
Food security is an important guarantee of national security. The northeast black soil region is an important commodity grain production base in China, which plays a fundamental role in ensuring national food security. However, the highly intensive, unreasonable or excessive use of cultivated land in this region has caused serious black soil degradation. Therefore, how to make the Black Soil Granary to provide efficient and sustainable guarantee for national food security is a scientific problem requiring urgent solutions. This paper systematically illuminates the agricultural development of high-productivity black soils since the reform and opening-up. On this basis, the paper systematically summarizes the problems facing the sustainable development of grain production in the black soil region. Furthermore, to meet the requirements of the central government for agricultural production in Northeast China, it puts forward the corresponding countermeasures to coordinate food security and ecological security and to enhance the sustainable development of grain production, intending to provide reference for the sustainable agricultural development in the northeast black soil region, and offer scientific guidance for the strategic planning of national food industry strategy, agricultural policy making, and strengthening of national food security.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20210706003
作者简介
李保国 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院院长、特聘教授。美国土壤学会会士,美国农学会会士。主要从事土壤-土壤作物系统的定量化与土水资源利用研究,先后主持完成了区域水盐运动监测预报、华北平原节水农业、西北荒漠化综合防治优化模式、精准农业生产模型技术、东北黑土地保护性利用等项目课题。
E-mail:libg@cau.edu.cn
LI Baoguo Distinguished Professor and Dean of the College of Land Science and Technology at China Agricultural University. Dr. Li is a fellow of the Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy. He works on quantifying the soil-plant system and utilization of soil and water resources. As the principal investigator, he has presided over multiple research projects including Monitoring and Prognosis of Regional Water and Salt, Water Saving Agriculture of North China Plain, Optimization Model of Comprehensive Desertification Control in Northwest China, Modeling Technology in Precision Agriculture, and Conservational Management of Black Soil in Northeast China.
E-mail:libg@cau.edu.cn
E-mail:libg@cau.edu.cn
LI Baoguo Distinguished Professor and Dean of the College of Land Science and Technology at China Agricultural University. Dr. Li is a fellow of the Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy. He works on quantifying the soil-plant system and utilization of soil and water resources. As the principal investigator, he has presided over multiple research projects including Monitoring and Prognosis of Regional Water and Salt, Water Saving Agriculture of North China Plain, Optimization Model of Comprehensive Desertification Control in Northwest China, Modeling Technology in Precision Agriculture, and Conservational Management of Black Soil in Northeast China.
E-mail:libg@cau.edu.cn
