张佳宝,孙波,朱教君,汪景宽,潘喜才,高添.黑土地保护利用与山水林田湖草沙系统的协调及生态屏障建设战略[J].中国科学院院刊,2021,36(10):1155-1164.

黑土地保护利用与山水林田湖草沙系统的协调及生态屏障建设战略

Black Soil Protection and Utilization Based on Harmonization of Mountain-River-Forest-Farmland-Lake-Grassland-Sandy Land Ecosystems and Strategic Construction of Ecological Barrier
作者
张佳宝1*
中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008
ZHANG Jiabao1*
Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
孙波1
中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008
SUN Bo1
Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
朱教君2
中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 沈阳 110016
ZHU Jiaojun2
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
汪景宽3
沈阳农业大学 土地与环境学院 沈阳 110866
WANG Jingkuan3
College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
潘喜才1
中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008
PAN Xicai1
Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
高添2
中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 沈阳 110016
GAO Tian2
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
中文关键词
         黑土地;山水林田湖草沙生态系统;保护;利用;协同发展
英文关键词
        black soil;mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandy land ecosystem;protection;utilization;synergetic development
中文摘要
        我国东北黑土地在长期高强度利用下土壤“变薄、变硬、变瘦、变酸”,且面临水资源短缺及生态失衡等问题,水土资源与生态环境的协调已经成为东北农业可持续发展的瓶颈。黑土地保护和利用不仅是耕地系统自身问题,更是山水林田湖草沙系统协同发展的问题,需要充分发挥森林、草地、湿地等自然生态系统具有的水源涵养、水土保持、防风固沙和生物多样性保护功能,在开展黑土地耕地数量保障和提升黑土地质量行动基础上,实施山水林田湖草沙一体化发展战略,加强黑土地生态屏障生态条件,阻控和修复黑土地退化,实现黑土地可持续利用目标。
英文摘要
        The black soil in northeast China presents a trend of thinning, hardening, impoverishment, and acidification under the longterm high-intensity utilization, and faces the water resources shortage and ecological environment imbalance. Thus, the coordination between soil and water resources and environment has become the bottleneck of sustainable agricultural development in northeast China. The black soil protection and utilization is not only a problem of cultivated land system itself, but also a problem of harmonization of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandy land ecosystem. To achieve the goal of sustainable use of the black soil, it is necessary to give full play to the function of soil and water conservation, wind prevention and sand fixation, and biodiversity of natural ecosystems such as woodlands, grasslands, and wetlands. Hence, in addition to taking actions to ensure the quantity of cultivated black soil and improve soil quality, a synergetic development strategy of the mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandy land ecosystems should be implemented to build ecological barrier for controlling and remediation of the black soil degradation.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20211010002
作者简介
张佳宝 中国工程院院士。中国科学院南京土壤研究所研究员。中国土壤学会理事长,国际土壤学联合会土壤工程与技术委员会主席。长期从事土壤物质迁移转化和水循环过程系统模拟及其生态环境效应、土壤信息快速获取、中低产田治理与地力提升理论和技术等方面的研究及其相关平台建设工作。针对我国 13亿亩中低产田土壤障碍因子多、地力水平低两大难题,创建了新一代中低产田治理的理论-核心技术-支撑设备-研发平台体系。发表学术论文 445篇(其中 SCI收录论文 165篇),出版专著 6部;获国家授权专利 35件、软件著作权 17项;获国家科技进步奖一等奖 1项、国家科技进步奖二等奖 3项;以及周光召农业科学家奖、中国土壤学会奖等多项个人荣誉。
E-mail:jbzhang@issas.ac.cn
ZHANG Jiabao Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering. Distinguished Professor in soil science of Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISSCAS), Chairman of Soil Science Society of China, Chairperson of Soil Engineering and Technology, International Union of Soil Science. His research field includes:the modeling of water and solute transports in soils and their effects on eco-environment; the monitoring of soil information; the amendment of problem soils and development of best management practices to maximize crop yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency and minimize environmental impacts on agricultural practices. He and his colleagues established a new version of theoretical and technological system to improve soil constraint factors and increase soil inherent productivity for 86 million hectares of middle and low yield arable land in China. He has published 6 books and 445 peer-review articles (including 165 SCI indexed papers); has been granted 35 patents and 17 softwares, and won a first prize and 3 second prizes of National Science and Technology Progress Award.
E-mail:jbzhang@issas.ac.cn
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