董金玮,陈玉,周岩,殷嘉迪,赵芮.地球大数据支撑可持续发展目标协同与权衡研究：进展与展望[J].中国科学院院刊,2021,36(8):950-962.

地球大数据支撑可持续发展目标协同与权衡研究：进展与展望

Big Earth Data Supports Synergies and Trade-offs of Sustainable Development Goals: Progress and Prospect

董金玮^1*
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101
DONG Jinwei^1*
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
陈玉^2,3
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094;可持续发展大数据国际研究中心 北京 100094
CHEN Yu^2,3
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
周岩¹
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101
ZHOU Yan¹
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
殷嘉迪¹
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101
YIN Jiadi¹
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
赵芮¹
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101
ZHAO Rui¹
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

         地球大数据;可持续发展目标;权衡;协同

        Big Earth Data;sustainable development goals (SDGs);synergy;

        联合国《改变我们的世界：2030年可持续发展议程》是各国实现经济、社会和环境共同发展的重要指南。当前，该议程的17个可持续发展目标（SDGs）的监测和评价已取得重要进展，但各SDGs间相互作用，特别是SDGs间的协同和权衡关系的认知仍较有限。文章首先从全部目标关系的综合分析、典型多目标关系分析、单目标内子指标间的关系3个方面描述了当前SDGs协同与权衡的研究进展和主要发现；并针对研究中的数据瓶颈问题，剖析了地球大数据支撑多目标协同和权衡的思路及典型案例；在此基础上，对地球大数据促进SDGs协同和权衡研究进行了展望。研究表明，地球大数据在提升SDG指标数据一致性、透明性、时效性和准确性等方面能够发挥重要作用，可以改进前期基于专家知识或统计数据等方法的不足，为提升多目标协同和权衡研究的定量水平提供重要数据支撑。最后，应对SDGs权衡的挑战，提出了完善地球大数据支撑SDGs协同与权衡的方法体系并构建模拟与预警平台、加强不同领域和主体的合作、强化技术创新推动等建议。

        The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are an important guide for different countries and regions to achieve sustainable economic, social, and environmental developments. They include 17 goals and 169 specific targets. The interactions among the goals can be manifested as synergy or trade-off; that is, implementing one or more goals may positively or negatively affect other goals. At present, important progress has been made in the monitoring and evaluation of individual goals. However, our understanding of the synergies and trade-offs among multiple SDGs is still limited. Firstly, this paper describes the current progress in the synergy and trade-offs of SDGs from three aspects:comprehensive analyses of all the SDGs, thematic analyses of few relevant SDGs, and the relationship of the specific indicators under certain SDG. Secondly, in view of the data bottleneck in the current studies, combined with the latest progress of the Big Earth Data, this paper showcases the typical scenarios of the Big Earth Data supporting studies of the synergy and trade-off of SDGs. Thirdly, the Big Earth Data's potential and future research prospects on the synergies and trade-offs of SDGs are proposed. This study shows that SDG synergy and trade-off analyses have experienced three stages:a semiquantitative evaluation based on expert knowledge, correlation analyses based on statistical data, and quantitative analyses based on the Big Earth Data. Different data sources from different countries could lead to varying results, and the Big Earth Data plays a vital role in promoting data consistency and transparency between countries. Therefore, it provides crucial support for the understanding of synergies and trade-offs of SDGs. The purpose of this study is to summarize the latest progress of synergy and trade-off studies of SDGs, which has received less attention in SDG-related research, and to support decision making for realizing the economic, environmental, and social goals together.