左丽君,吴炳方,游良志,黄文江,孟冉,董莹莹,潘天石,王亚非.地球大数据支撑粮食可持续生产：实践与展望[J].中国科学院院刊,2021,36(8):885-895.

地球大数据支撑粮食可持续生产：实践与展望

Big Earth Data Supports Sustainable Food Production: Practices and Prospects

左丽君^1,2*
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094;可持续发展大数据国际研究中心 北京 100094
ZUO Lijun^1,2*
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
吴炳方^1,2
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094;可持续发展大数据国际研究中心 北京 100094
WU Bingfang^1,2
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
游良志^3,4
华中农业大学 宏观农业研究院 武汉 430070;国际粮食政策研究所(美国) 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区 20006
YOU Liangzhi^3,4
Macro Agriculture Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC 20006, USA
黄文江^1,2
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094;可持续发展大数据国际研究中心 北京 100094
HUANG Wenjiang^1,2
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
孟冉⁵
华中农业大学 资源与环境学院 武汉 430070
MENG Ran⁵
College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
董莹莹^1,2
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094;可持续发展大数据国际研究中心 北京 100094
DONG Yingying^1,2
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
潘天石¹
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094
PAN Tianshi¹
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
王亚非¹
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094
WANG Yafei¹
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

         粮食可持续生产;地球大数据;可持续发展目标;实践;展望

        sustainable food production;Big Earth Data;Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs);practices;prospects

        保障粮食安全是全球可持续发展的基础及重要议题。粮食可持续生产作为实现粮食安全的基础，同时是应对气候变化、土地退化、生态退化等全球挑战的有效手段。当前，对粮食生产可持续性的监测与评估存在着数据鸿沟，而地球大数据的支撑作用日益凸显。文章总结了地球大数据支撑粮食可持续生产研究的当前实践，包括对地观测技术在粮食生产系统各要素监测中发挥的作用，以及多源数据融合在粮食生产系统综合监测及粮食生产可持续性评估中的应用。在上述实践归纳的基础上，依循实现联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）的四大杠杆框架，提出了地球大数据支撑粮食可持续生产的2个未来发展方向：多学科模型凝聚地球大数据推动知识发现支撑政府治理；技术创新集成地球大数据搭建产农户智慧生产决策体系。

        Ensuring food security is a fundamental issue for global sustainable development. Sustainable food production is the basis for food security and an effective approach to address global challenges such as climate change, land degradation, and ecological degradation. At present, there is a data gap in the monitoring and assessment of the sustainability of food production, and the supporting role of the Big Earth Data is increasingly prominent. This paper summarizes the current practice of Big Earth Data in support of sustainable food production, including the role of Earth observation technology in the monitoring of various elements of food production system, and the application of multi-source data fusion in the monitoring of comprehensive food production system and the assessment of the sustainability of food production. Based on the review, according the framework of four levers for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we promote two suggestions for future development on Big Earth Data in support of sustainable food production:(1) integrating Big Earth Data with multidisciplinary models to promote knowledge discovery thus supporting governance, and (2) integrating Big Earth Data with technological innovation to build intelligent agriculture for on-farm sustainable food production system.