梁爱珍,李禄军,祝惠*.科技创新推进黑土地保护与利用，齐力维护国家粮食安全——用好养好黑土地的对策建议[J].中国科学院院刊,2021,36(5):557-564.
科技创新推进黑土地保护与利用，齐力维护国家粮食安全——用好养好黑土地的对策建议
Protection and Utilization of Black Land and Making Concerted and Unremitting Efforts for Safeguarding Food Security Promoted by Sci-tech Innovation—Countermeasures in Conservation and Rational Utilization of Black Land
科技创新推进黑土地保护与利用，齐力维护国家粮食安全——用好养好黑土地的对策建议
Protection and Utilization of Black Land and Making Concerted and Unremitting Efforts for Safeguarding Food Security Promoted by Sci-tech Innovation—Countermeasures in Conservation and Rational Utilization of Black Land
作者
梁爱珍
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 长春 130102
LIANG Aizhen
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
李禄军
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 长春 130102
LI Lujun
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
祝惠*
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 长春 130102
ZHU Hui*
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 长春 130102
LIANG Aizhen
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
李禄军
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 长春 130102
LI Lujun
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
祝惠*
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 长春 130102
ZHU Hui*
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
中文关键词
黑土地保护;粮食安全;生态安全;科技创新;对策建议
英文关键词
protection of black land;food security;ecological security;scientific and technological innovation;countermeasures
中文摘要
保护和利用好黑土地资源，建设粮食产业强国是维持国家安全的重要基石。文章聚焦水-土-种-肥-药等农业资源要素，分析了当前我国东北黑土区在粮食生产、生态安全和可持续发展中存在的关键“卡脖子”问题。提出应以科技创新为引领，加强黑土地保护和作物增产技术与装备研发；构建土壤障碍因子消减和抗逆作物优化种植模式、黑土地保护长效机制，全面推进土地集约化经营和机械化生产；加快粮食生产向精准化、智慧化转型，构建多种生态系统协同发展安全模式。提出发挥中国科学院科技力量建制化和多学科优势，紧密联合地方政府、企业、农民，组建科技攻关和技术推广团队，以及推动黑土地保护性利用和健康管理核心技术落地的政策建议。
英文摘要
The protection and reasonable utilization of black land and developing a powerful nation in the grain industry are the cornerstone for safeguarding the national security. This study focuses on the main agricultural sources including soil, water, seed, fertilizer, farm chemicals, etc., and analyzes the key problems in grain production, ecological security, and sustainable development in black land in Northeast China. This study proposes to strengthen the research and development of technology and the relevant equipment for the protection of black land and increasing crop yield; to develop the reduction of soil obstacle factors and stress-tolerant plants planting modes; to build a long-term mechanism for black land protection and to comprehensively promote the intensive land management and mechanized production; to fasten the transition of traditional agriculture to precision and smart agriculture and to construct a coordinated and safe development mode for multiple ecosystems. The Chinese Academy of Sciences should give full play to its institutional and multidisciplinary advantages, and build a close union with local government, enterprise and farmers, thereby tackling the key problems and promoting the popularization of core technologies in the protective utilization of black land and soil health management.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20210403002
作者简介
梁爱珍 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所研究员。中国科学院青年创新促进会会员,吉林省有突出贡献专家。主要从事农田黑土碳氮循环与保护性耕作方面的研究。《土壤与作物》《应用生态学报》编委。先后主持中国科学院前沿科学重点研究计划等项目17项。发表学术论文130余篇,其中第一/通信作者发表论文45篇(SCI论文29篇),获得授权专利5项。2016年度获得吉林省自然科学奖二等奖(排名第一)。
E-mail:liangaizhen@iga.ac.cn
LIANG Aizhen Ph.D.,Professor in the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),and the member of Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS,young and middle-aged experts with outstanding contributions to Jilin Province.Her study covers soil carbon and nitrogen cycle in cropland and conservation tillage.She works as an editorial committee member of Soils and Crops,Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.As principal investigator,she has hosted or is hosting 17 projects.She has published over 130 scientific papers in peer reviewed journals,including 45 papers as the first and/or corresponding authors (29 of them are indexed by SCI).She has also 5 authorized patents.She is the recipient of the Second Prize of the Natural Science Award of Jilin Province in 2016.
E-mail:liangaizhen@iga.ac.cn
祝惠 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所研究员,中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室副主任。中国科学院青年创新促进会会员、地球科学分会会长,吉林省拔尖创新人才。Wetlands副主编,Chinese Geographical Science、《湿地科学》《应用生态学报》编委。主要从事农业面源污染与生态防治研究。主持中国科学院创新交叉团队等科研项目10余项,以第一/通信作者发表SCI论文48篇,以第一完成人获得吉林省自然科学奖二等奖1项。
E-mail:zhuhui@iga.ac.cn
ZHU Hui Ph.D.,Professor at Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Deputy Director of CAS Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,member of the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS,and Top-notch Innovative Talent in Jilin Province.She serves as an associate editor of Wetlands and editorial board member of Chinese Geographical Science,Wetland Science,and Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.Dr.Zhu also serves as the President of Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS-Earth Science.She has been working on the ecological prevention and control of non-point source pollution.She has supervised over 10 projects including the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team Project.She has published 48 SCI-indexed articles as the first and/or corresponding author,and she has won a Second Prize of the Natural Science Award of Jilin Province as Principal Scientist.
E-mail:zhuhui@iga.ac.cn
E-mail:liangaizhen@iga.ac.cn
LIANG Aizhen Ph.D.,Professor in the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),and the member of Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS,young and middle-aged experts with outstanding contributions to Jilin Province.Her study covers soil carbon and nitrogen cycle in cropland and conservation tillage.She works as an editorial committee member of Soils and Crops,Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.As principal investigator,she has hosted or is hosting 17 projects.She has published over 130 scientific papers in peer reviewed journals,including 45 papers as the first and/or corresponding authors (29 of them are indexed by SCI).She has also 5 authorized patents.She is the recipient of the Second Prize of the Natural Science Award of Jilin Province in 2016.
E-mail:liangaizhen@iga.ac.cn
祝惠 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所研究员,中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室副主任。中国科学院青年创新促进会会员、地球科学分会会长,吉林省拔尖创新人才。Wetlands副主编,Chinese Geographical Science、《湿地科学》《应用生态学报》编委。主要从事农业面源污染与生态防治研究。主持中国科学院创新交叉团队等科研项目10余项,以第一/通信作者发表SCI论文48篇,以第一完成人获得吉林省自然科学奖二等奖1项。
E-mail:zhuhui@iga.ac.cn
ZHU Hui Ph.D.,Professor at Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Deputy Director of CAS Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,member of the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS,and Top-notch Innovative Talent in Jilin Province.She serves as an associate editor of Wetlands and editorial board member of Chinese Geographical Science,Wetland Science,and Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.Dr.Zhu also serves as the President of Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS-Earth Science.She has been working on the ecological prevention and control of non-point source pollution.She has supervised over 10 projects including the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team Project.She has published 48 SCI-indexed articles as the first and/or corresponding author,and she has won a Second Prize of the Natural Science Award of Jilin Province as Principal Scientist.
E-mail:zhuhui@iga.ac.cn
