王世金,温家洪.冰冻圈灾害特征、影响及其学科发展展望[J].中国科学院院刊,2020,35(4):523-530.
冰冻圈灾害特征、影响及其学科发展展望
Characteristics, Influence of Cryosphere Disaster and Prospect of Discipline Development
冰冻圈灾害特征、影响及其学科发展展望
Characteristics, Influence of Cryosphere Disaster and Prospect of Discipline Development
作者
王世金
中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 兰州 730000
WANG Shijin
State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
温家洪
上海师范大学 环境与地理科学学院 上海 200234
WEN Jiahong
School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 兰州 730000
WANG Shijin
State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
温家洪
上海师范大学 环境与地理科学学院 上海 200234
WEN Jiahong
School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
中文关键词
冰冻圈灾害;学科建设;未来展望
英文关键词
cryosphere disaster;discipline construction;future prospect
中文摘要
冰冻圈灾害包括陆地冰冻圈灾害、海洋冰冻圈灾害和大气冰冻圈灾害，冰冻圈灾害分布广泛，对社会造成的损失和影响巨大。气候变暖导致冰冻圈灾害的发生频率和强度越来越高，使冰冻圈及其影响地区消除贫困、气候变化减缓与适应，以及经济社会可持续发展面临严峻挑战。早期，冰冻圈灾害学主要以单灾种的致灾事件、灾害影响和防治研究为主，且多集中于雪崩、冰湖溃决和冰川泥石流灾害。20世纪80年代以来，冰冻圈灾害学研究范畴扩大，冻土灾害、海冰灾害、冰凌灾害等得到广泛关注和深入研究。近10年，伴随冰冻圈科学体系的建立、完善，冰冻圈灾害学学科体系正在孕育发展，且在冰冻圈灾害风险、影响与适应方面进展显著。基于已有研究，文章详细阐述了冰冻圈灾害学学科内涵，评述了冰冻圈灾害时空特征及其综合影响，进而提出了未来冰冻圈灾害学学科建设和发展的建议。
英文摘要
Cryosphere disasters include continental cryosphere disaster, marine cryosphere disaster, and aerial cryosphere disasters and these disasters are widespread and have caused great loss and influence. With the increasing frequency and intensity of cryosphere disasters caused by climate warming, the cryosphere region faces severe challenges in poverty eradication, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and sustainable economic and social development. Early cryosphere disaster studies mainly focus on the disaster events, disaster effects, and prevention of single disaster, concentrating on avalanche, glacial lake outburst, and glacier debris flow disasters. Since the 1980s, the research scope of cryosphere disaster science is gradually expanding, some of cryosphere disaster received extensive attention and further research such as permafrost disasters, sea ice disasters, and ice jam/flood disaster. In recent 10 years, with the establishment and improvement of cryosphere science system, the discipline system of cryosphere disaster science is developing and making significant progress in cryosphere disaster risk, impact and adaptation. Based on previous studies, this paper elaborates on the connotation of cryosphere disaster science, reviews the spatiotemporal characteristics of cryosphere disaster and its comprehensive influence, and then puts forward some suggestions on the construction and development of cryosphere disaster science in the future.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200301002
作者简介
王世金 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室副研究员,中国科学院玉龙雪山冰川与环境观测研究站站长。主要从事冰冻圈灾害风险评估与管控研究。出版专著4部,参编10部。第一作者发表论文50余篇。
E-mail:wangshijin@lzb.ac.cn
WANG Shijin Associate Professor of State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is the Director of Yulong Snow Mountain Glacier and Environment Observation and Research Station,CAS.He mainly engages in risk assessment and management research of cryosphere disaster.He has published 4 monographs and edited 10 monographs.He has also published more than 50 first authored journal articles.
E-mail:wangshijin@lzb.ac.cn
温家洪 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院教授,上海灾害风险评估与管理研究中心主任。主要从事冰冻圈与可持续发展、灾害风险分析与管理、遥感与地理信息系统(GIS)应用研究。
E-mail:jhwen@shnu.edu.cn
WEN Jiahong Professor at School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences,Shanghai Normal University.His research focuses on cryosphere and sustainable development,disaster risk analysis and management,remote sensing and GIS application.
E-mail:jhwen@shnu.edu.cn
E-mail:wangshijin@lzb.ac.cn
WANG Shijin Associate Professor of State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is the Director of Yulong Snow Mountain Glacier and Environment Observation and Research Station,CAS.He mainly engages in risk assessment and management research of cryosphere disaster.He has published 4 monographs and edited 10 monographs.He has also published more than 50 first authored journal articles.
E-mail:wangshijin@lzb.ac.cn
温家洪 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院教授,上海灾害风险评估与管理研究中心主任。主要从事冰冻圈与可持续发展、灾害风险分析与管理、遥感与地理信息系统(GIS)应用研究。
E-mail:jhwen@shnu.edu.cn
WEN Jiahong Professor at School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences,Shanghai Normal University.His research focuses on cryosphere and sustainable development,disaster risk analysis and management,remote sensing and GIS application.
E-mail:jhwen@shnu.edu.cn
