刘新华,韩健,张楠,王晶晶.中国分散式民用供热技术现状分析[J].中国科学院院刊,2019,34(4):401-408.

中国分散式民用供热技术现状分析

Status of Decentralized Civil Heating Technology in China
作者
刘新华
中国科学院过程工程研究所 北京 100190
LIU Xinhua
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
韩健
中国科学院过程工程研究所 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 化学工程学院 北京 100049
HAN Jian
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
张楠
中国科学院过程工程研究所 北京 100190
ZHANG Nan
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
王晶晶
中国科学院过程工程研究所 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 化学工程学院 北京 100049
WANG Jingjing
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
中文关键词
         散煤污染;分散式供热;解耦燃烧;烟煤型煤
英文关键词
        bulk coal combustion pollution;decentralized heating;decoupling combustion;bituminous briquette
中文摘要
        民用散煤污染是造成北方地区严重灰霾天气的重要原因之一,因此各地政府积极推进散煤替代,尤其是在京津冀地区大力推广所谓"清洁能源",进行煤改电/气相关工作,在周边地区则推行使用优质无烟煤或兰炭,但效果并不理想。文章对我国几种典型分散式民用供热技术进行了对比分析,认为推行煤改电/气需要考虑当地资源、地理和经济条件以及生活习惯,且最关键的是要在经济上可承受;在经济相对落后的边远农村地区推广诸如在解耦炉等环保炉具中燃烧烟煤型煤进行清洁供暖应当成为一项长期政策,以从根本上解决我国农村的散煤污染问题。
英文摘要
        The pollution from bulk coal combustion was thought to be one of the main causes of haze weather in northern China, so governments everywhere tried to promote the search for an alternative to civil bulk coal. Specially, so-called "clean energy" was vigorously promoted and coal-to-electricity or natural gas conversion project was implemented in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area, while burning high-quality anthracite and semicoke was encouraged in the surrounding areas, though giving rise to unsatisfactory influence finally. Several typical decentralized civil heating technologies in China were comparatively analyzed in this article. It is suggested that the coal-to-electricity or natural gas conversion project must be on the premise of rich resources, suitable geographic conditions, and high-level economic development as well as conforming to living habits of the local people, among which the economic affordability is one of the key factors to success. In order to solve the pollution problem of bulk coal combustion in remote low-income rural areas thoroughly, a long-term plan should be made to realize clean heating by burning bituminous briquette in environment-friendly domestic furnaces such as decoupling combustion stoves.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2019.04.004
作者简介
刘新华 中国科学院过程工程研究所研究员。1998年和2001年在中国石油大学分别获得工学学士和硕士学位,2005年在中国科学院过程工程研究所获得工学博士学位后留所工作,2008年在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学进行为期1年的访问研究。主要从事煤炭清洁利用、流态化工程和虚拟过程工程相关研究,目前是中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)课题"散煤低NOx解耦燃烧技术与示范"的负责人。
E-mail:xhliu@ipe.ac.cn
LIU Xinhua Researcher at Institute of Process Engineering (IPE),Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He received his B.S.and M.S.degrees from China University of Petroleum (CUP) in 1998 and 2001 respectively,and Ph.D.degree from IPE,CAS in 2005.He successfully applied a position as a visiting professor for the period of one year at the University of British Columbia (UBC) in 2008.After he came back to IPE in 2009,his research interest moves to the fields of clean utilization of coal,fluidization engineering and virtual process engineering.He is now the project leader of Strategic Priority Research Program on Research and Demonstration of Low-NOx Decoupling Combustion of Civil Bulk Coal of CAS.
E-mail:xhliu@ipe.ac.cn
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