黄宝荣,马永欢,黄凯,苏利阳,张丛林,程多威,王毅.推动以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系改革的思考[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(12):1342-1351.
推动以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系改革的思考
Strategic Approach on Promoting Reform of China's Natural Protected Areas System with National Parks as Backbone
推动以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系改革的思考
Strategic Approach on Promoting Reform of China's Natural Protected Areas System with National Parks as Backbone
作者
黄宝荣
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
HUANG Baorong
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
马永欢
中华人民共和国自然资源部信息中心 北京 100812
MA Yonghuan
Information Center of Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100812, China
黄凯
北京林业大学 环境科学与工程学院 北京 100083
HUANG Kai
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
苏利阳
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
SU Liyang
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
张丛林
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
ZHANG Conglin
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
程多威
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
CHENG Duowei
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
王毅
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049
WANG Yi
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
HUANG Baorong
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
马永欢
中华人民共和国自然资源部信息中心 北京 100812
MA Yonghuan
Information Center of Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100812, China
黄凯
北京林业大学 环境科学与工程学院 北京 100083
HUANG Kai
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
苏利阳
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
SU Liyang
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
张丛林
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
ZHANG Conglin
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
程多威
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
CHENG Duowei
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
王毅
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049
WANG Yi
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
中文关键词
国家公园;自然保护地;治理体系;改革
英文关键词
national park;natural protected areas;governance system;reform
中文摘要
我国已形成类型多样、功能较齐全的自然保护地体系，在保护重要自然生态系统和生物多样性中发挥了重要作用。但长期以来，我国保护地基本上实行的是“抢救式保护”策略，注重保护地数量和面积的扩张，忽视管理质量和能力的提升。保护地的建设与管理，已跟不上新时代加快推进生态文明建设的步伐。党的十九大报告提出要建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系，对推动我国自然保护地体系改革提出了迫切需求。本研究在分析当前我国自然保护地体系面临的缺乏顶层设计、法律体系不健全、多方参与不足、资金短缺、土地权属不清、保护与发展矛盾突出、管理能力薄弱等一系列问题的基础上，提出了推动自然保护地体系的顶层设计、系统规划和立法安排，完善保护地产权制度，建立保护地治理体系，实现多元共治，拓展保护地空间治理范围，促进保护地与周边区域协调发展，建立保护地生态产品价值实现机制等建议。
英文摘要
China has formed a natural protected areas system with various types and functions, which has played an important role in protecting important natural ecosystems and biodiversity. However, for a long time, China basically implemented a "rescue" conservation strategy, focused on protected area expansion, and ignored the improvement of management quality and ability. The construction and management of protected area cannot keep China's pace of promoting ecological civilization construction. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to establish a natural protected areas system with national parks as the main backbone, which poses urgent demands on promoting the revolution of the natural protected areas system in China. Firstly, this study deeply analyzed a series of outstanding problems facing China's natural protected areas system, which included the lack of top-level design and system planning, weak legal system, insufficient multi-participation, shortage of funds, unclear land ownership, fierce conflict between conservation and development, weak management capacity, etc. On this basis, the study proposes to promote a systematic reform of China's natural protected areas system. First, promote the top-level design, system planning, and legislative arrangements on the natural protected areas system. Second,improve the property right system of protected areas. Third, build governance system and promote multi-governing of protected areas. Then, expand the scope of space governance of protected areas, and facilitate coordinated development between protected areas and surrounding areas. Finally, establish a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products in and around protected areas.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.12.007
作者简介
黄宝荣 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院副研究员。主要从事生态系统评估与管理、国家公园体制改革和运营管理评估等研究。主持国家自然科学基金、环保部重大专项、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项、中国科学院STS计划重点项目、国家高端智库试点重大项目等重大决策咨询课题10余项;发表论文50余篇,参编专著6部;参与多项中央政府和国家部委生态保护、环境管理方面的文件、政策建议的研究和起草;获部级奖2项。
E-mail:huangbaorong@casipm.ac.cn
HUANG Baorong Associate Professor at the Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).His research interests include ecosystem assessment and management,national park system reform and assessment.He has presided over more than 10 topics from major decision consulting projects,sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the Major Special Project of Ministry of Environmental Protection,the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS,the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of CAS,the Major Project of China Top Think Tanks Pilot,and so on,and has published nearly 50 papers and 5 monographs.His research has contributed toward many of China's current policies and institutional arrangements for ecological protection and environmental management.He also received 2 ministerial level awards.
E-mail:huangbaorong@casipm.ac.cn
王毅 第十二、十三届全国人大常委会委员,中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院副院长,兼可持续发展战略所所长,中国科学院大学公管学院可持续发展系主任、岗位教授,年度中国可持续发展报告组长、首席科学家。主要从事生态文明建设、资源环境政策、能源与低碳转型发展、流域综合管理等领域的战略研究与政策系统分析。曾主持和参与过包括国家科技重大专项、国家社会科学基金重大项目、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项、国家高端智库试点重大项目、以及各部级委托的重大项目在内的数十项科研课题。参与过许多中央和地方政府部门及有关机构的重大法律、规划、文件、政策建议的研究、起草和评估工作,曾获得部级科技进步奖一、二等奖和中国青年科技奖,国务院政府特殊津贴获得者。
E-mail:wangyi@casipm.ac.cn
WANG Yi Member of Standing Committee of the 12th and 13th National People's Congress of China,and Vice President of the Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is also a professor and dean at the Department of Sustainable Development,School of Public Policy and Management,Unversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences,team leader and chief scientist of the Annual China Sustainable Development Report.His research interests include public policy and strategic study related to sustainable development,especially in the fields of green development strategy,energy and climate change policy,integrated river basin management,and comprehensive planning for resource,environment,and development.His research has contributed toward many of China's current policies and institutional arrangements for ecological civilization,environmental protection,green and low carbon development.He has won several ministerial-level awards,winner of special government allowance,and the 4th Chinese Youth Science and Technology Award.
E-mail:wangyi@casipm.ac.cn
E-mail:huangbaorong@casipm.ac.cn
HUANG Baorong Associate Professor at the Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).His research interests include ecosystem assessment and management,national park system reform and assessment.He has presided over more than 10 topics from major decision consulting projects,sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the Major Special Project of Ministry of Environmental Protection,the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS,the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of CAS,the Major Project of China Top Think Tanks Pilot,and so on,and has published nearly 50 papers and 5 monographs.His research has contributed toward many of China's current policies and institutional arrangements for ecological protection and environmental management.He also received 2 ministerial level awards.
E-mail:huangbaorong@casipm.ac.cn
王毅 第十二、十三届全国人大常委会委员,中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院副院长,兼可持续发展战略所所长,中国科学院大学公管学院可持续发展系主任、岗位教授,年度中国可持续发展报告组长、首席科学家。主要从事生态文明建设、资源环境政策、能源与低碳转型发展、流域综合管理等领域的战略研究与政策系统分析。曾主持和参与过包括国家科技重大专项、国家社会科学基金重大项目、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项、国家高端智库试点重大项目、以及各部级委托的重大项目在内的数十项科研课题。参与过许多中央和地方政府部门及有关机构的重大法律、规划、文件、政策建议的研究、起草和评估工作,曾获得部级科技进步奖一、二等奖和中国青年科技奖,国务院政府特殊津贴获得者。
E-mail:wangyi@casipm.ac.cn
WANG Yi Member of Standing Committee of the 12th and 13th National People's Congress of China,and Vice President of the Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is also a professor and dean at the Department of Sustainable Development,School of Public Policy and Management,Unversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences,team leader and chief scientist of the Annual China Sustainable Development Report.His research interests include public policy and strategic study related to sustainable development,especially in the fields of green development strategy,energy and climate change policy,integrated river basin management,and comprehensive planning for resource,environment,and development.His research has contributed toward many of China's current policies and institutional arrangements for ecological civilization,environmental protection,green and low carbon development.He has won several ministerial-level awards,winner of special government allowance,and the 4th Chinese Youth Science and Technology Award.
E-mail:wangyi@casipm.ac.cn
