朱新广,熊燕,阮梅花,刘晓,徐健,钟超.光合作用合成生物学研究现状及未来发展策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(11):1239-1248.

光合作用合成生物学研究现状及未来发展策略

Research Status and Future Development Strategies of Synthetic Biology in Photosynthesis

朱新广
中国科学院植物生理生态研究所 植物分子植物卓越中心和分子遗传国家重点实验室 上海 200032
ZHU Xinguang
CAS Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
熊燕
中国科学院上海生命科学研究院(上海营养与健康研究院) 上海 200031
XIONG Yan
Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
阮梅花
中国科学院上海生命科学研究院(上海营养与健康研究院) 上海 200031
RUAN Meihua
Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
刘晓
中国科学院上海生命科学研究院(上海营养与健康研究院) 上海 200031
LIU Xiao
Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
徐健
中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 青岛 266101
XU Jian
Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
钟超
上海科技大学 上海 201210
ZHONG Chao
ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China

         光合作用;育种;能源;合成生物学;环境;粮食安全

        photosynthesis;breeding;energy security;synthetic biology;environment;food security

        首先介绍光合作用在国际及国内研究现状，进而简介当前光合作用合成生物学作为一个新兴学科其主要研究范围及进展，提出我国光合作用合成生物学研究目前面临提高其研究系统性、与需求更紧密结合及提高支持力度等需求。鉴于光合作用对未来粮食安全、能源安全及可持续性生态环境维持具有重要战略意义，其未来发展需聚焦于已有光合作用系统优化、光合系统与光合同化产物利用途径协同、跨物种间光合系统重构、全新光合途径构建、光合系统与生物材料耦合等研究方向。

        This perspective first introduces the current status of photosynthesis research in China and in the world, followed by a brief discussion of the major progress of photosynthesis synthetic biology. Then we demonstrate the major weakness of current photosynthesis synthetic biology research in China, which includes fragmented research topics, lack of strong link to its end application and shortage of research funding, etc. Photosynthesis research will play a crucial role for the future global food security, energy security, and maintenance of a sustainable ecosystem and environment. The future photosynthesis synthetic biology research can focus on optimization of existing photosynthetic systems, coordination of photosystem with the metabolisms consuming photosynthate, reconstruction of existing efficient photosynthetic systems, construction of novel photosynthetic systems, and creation of hybrid systems by combining photosynthetic systems and novel bio-material. To effectively promote photosynthesis systems biology research, we propose to establish a series of technical platforms and theories and corresponding policies.