邓义祥,雷坤,安立会,刘瑞志,王丽平,张嘉戌.我国塑料垃圾和微塑料污染源头控制对策[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(10):1042-1051.
我国塑料垃圾和微塑料污染源头控制对策
Countermeasurces on Control of Plastic Litter and Microplastic Pollution
我国塑料垃圾和微塑料污染源头控制对策
Countermeasurces on Control of Plastic Litter and Microplastic Pollution
作者
邓义祥
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
DENG Yixiang
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
雷坤
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
LEI Kun
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
安立会
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
AN Lihui
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
刘瑞志
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
LIU Ruizhi
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
王丽平
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
WANG Liping
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
张嘉戌
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
ZHANG Jiaxu
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
DENG Yixiang
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
雷坤
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
LEI Kun
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
安立会
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
AN Lihui
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
刘瑞志
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
LIU Ruizhi
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
王丽平
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
WANG Liping
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
张嘉戌
中国环境科学研究院 水环境研究所 北京 100012
ZHANG Jiaxu
Water Research Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
中文关键词
塑料垃圾;微塑料;源头控制;管理对策
中文摘要
近年来，微塑料污染逐渐成为国内外热点问题。环境中大部分微塑料来源于塑料的破碎和降解，塑料垃圾的有效控制是解决微塑料污染的重要措施。文章在对我国塑料垃圾管理存在问题进行分析的基础上，提出了塑料垃圾和微塑料污染源头控制对策建议，包括完善塑料污染控制立法、补充和修订塑料管理相关标准，完善塑料垃圾管理的政策措施等。参照国际经验，我国还应加强塑料微珠的管理，建议尽快禁止生产和销售含塑料微珠的个人护理品。此外，还应加强微塑料清除技术的研发。加大塑料加工行业的技术创新，推动塑料生产和使用者加强清洁生产和资源化循环利用，减少塑料垃圾和微塑料的排放量，是解决塑料垃圾和微塑料污染的根本措施。
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.10.005
作者简介
邓义祥 中国环境科学研究院研究员。2003年毕业于清华大学环境科学与工程系,获工学博士学位。主要从事水环境管理政策、环境风险评估、水环境数学模拟等研究。近年来主持国家重点研发计划、水污染控制治理重大专项、国家环境保护标准制修订等多项任务,在国内外发表论文50余篇,获国家授权发明专利2项,中国计算机软件著作权10项。
E-mail:dengyxbj@163.com
DENG Yixiang Ph.D.,Professor of the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences.Graduated from the Department of Environmental Sciences and Engnierring,Tsinghua Univeristy and achieved the Doctor of Engineering.His primary research fields include water envrinmental management polices,environmental risk assessment,and water environmental quality modelling.Recently,he has hosted a lot of national research projects,such as the National Key Research and Development Plan,Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment,revision of the national environmental protection standards,and so on.50 papers have been pulished,2 invention patents and 10 software copyrights have been authorized.
E-mail:dengyxbj@163.com
雷坤 中国环境科学研究院研究员,博士生导师。2001年毕业于中国海洋大学,获博士学位。长期从事近岸海域环境管理技术、陆海相互作用过程与机制、环境容量与总量控制、流域-海洋综合管理制度与政策研究。近年来主持了国家水体污染与控制重大专项、科技支撑计划项目、环保部专项等20多个项目。发表论文80余篇,出版专著5部,获得国家科技进步奖二等奖1项,省部级科技进步奖二等奖2项。
E-mail:leikun@craes.org.cn
LEI Kun Ph.D.,Professor of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES),doctoral supervisor;graduated from Ocean University of China in 2001.She has long been dedicating in environment management in the coastal zone,land-ocean interactions progress and mechanisms,pollutants environmental capacity,and total pollutant load allocation,and integrating coastal and watershed management regulation and policy.In recent years,she has hosted more than 20 projects such as National Major Project of Water Pollution Control and Governance,National Science and Technology Support Project,and Special Fund Project for Environment Protection Science and Technology,published more than 80 academic papers and 5 books (as a co-author or translator),won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 2015,and the two second prizes of Ministry or Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award in 2009 and 2010.
E-mail:leikun@craes.org.cn
E-mail:dengyxbj@163.com
DENG Yixiang Ph.D.,Professor of the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences.Graduated from the Department of Environmental Sciences and Engnierring,Tsinghua Univeristy and achieved the Doctor of Engineering.His primary research fields include water envrinmental management polices,environmental risk assessment,and water environmental quality modelling.Recently,he has hosted a lot of national research projects,such as the National Key Research and Development Plan,Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment,revision of the national environmental protection standards,and so on.50 papers have been pulished,2 invention patents and 10 software copyrights have been authorized.
E-mail:dengyxbj@163.com
雷坤 中国环境科学研究院研究员,博士生导师。2001年毕业于中国海洋大学,获博士学位。长期从事近岸海域环境管理技术、陆海相互作用过程与机制、环境容量与总量控制、流域-海洋综合管理制度与政策研究。近年来主持了国家水体污染与控制重大专项、科技支撑计划项目、环保部专项等20多个项目。发表论文80余篇,出版专著5部,获得国家科技进步奖二等奖1项,省部级科技进步奖二等奖2项。
E-mail:leikun@craes.org.cn
LEI Kun Ph.D.,Professor of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES),doctoral supervisor;graduated from Ocean University of China in 2001.She has long been dedicating in environment management in the coastal zone,land-ocean interactions progress and mechanisms,pollutants environmental capacity,and total pollutant load allocation,and integrating coastal and watershed management regulation and policy.In recent years,she has hosted more than 20 projects such as National Major Project of Water Pollution Control and Governance,National Science and Technology Support Project,and Special Fund Project for Environment Protection Science and Technology,published more than 80 academic papers and 5 books (as a co-author or translator),won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 2015,and the two second prizes of Ministry or Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award in 2009 and 2010.
E-mail:leikun@craes.org.cn
