吴辰熙,潘响亮,施华宏,彭进平.我国淡水环境微塑料污染与流域管控策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(10):1012-1020.
我国淡水环境微塑料污染与流域管控策略
Microplastic Pollution in Freshwater Environment in China and Watershed Management Strategy
我国淡水环境微塑料污染与流域管控策略
Microplastic Pollution in Freshwater Environment in China and Watershed Management Strategy
作者
吴辰熙
中国科学院水生生物研究所 淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室 武汉 430072
WU Chenxi
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
潘响亮
浙江工业大学 环境学院 杭州 310014
PAN Xiangliang
College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
施华宏
华东师范大学 河口海岸学国家重点实验室 上海 200062
SHI Huahong
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
彭进平
广东工业大学 轻工化工学院 广州 510006
PENG Jinping
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
中国科学院水生生物研究所 淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室 武汉 430072
WU Chenxi
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
潘响亮
浙江工业大学 环境学院 杭州 310014
PAN Xiangliang
College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
施华宏
华东师范大学 河口海岸学国家重点实验室 上海 200062
SHI Huahong
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
彭进平
广东工业大学 轻工化工学院 广州 510006
PENG Jinping
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
中文关键词
微塑料污染;淡水水体;迁移转化;生态环境效应;管控策略
中文摘要
微塑料的淡水环境污染问题日益受到了国内外学者的关注。文章综述了我国淡水环境中微塑料的研究进展,分析了淡水环境中微塑料的污染来源、环境行为和归趋,探讨了微塑料污染的生态环境效应。研究表明,微塑料污染在我国河流、湖泊等淡水水体中普遍存在。淡水水体中检测到的微塑料丰度可达107个/km2量级,比海洋环境中检测到的微塑料丰度更高。淡水环境中检出的微塑料呈现出不同的形状、大小、颜色特征,同时具有多样的化学组成并可能携带其他污染物。这些特征一定程度上反映了微塑料的来源和经历,同时也影响其环境行为和生态环境效应。研究还发现,微塑料在淡水水体采集到的鱼类、贝类等生物体内也普遍存在。微塑料暴露可对生物体的健康乃至生态系统的结构和功能造成影响。因此,微塑料被认为是一类新兴污染物。文章针对淡水环境中微塑料污染现状及问题,基于流域治理的思路,提出了微塑料污染管控策略;建议我国进一步完善相关政策法规,加大政策法规执行力度,从而保障淡水生态系统的健康和淡水资源的可持续利用。
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.10.002
作者简介
吴辰熙 中国科学院水生生物研究所副研究员,博士,硕士生导师。中国科学院青年创新促进会会员,湖北省海洋湖沼学会理事。主要从事新兴污染物环境行为与生态效应研究。主持和参加了国家自然科学基金、"973"青年科学家项目、国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项、科技基础性工作专项、中国科学院重点部署项目等课题10余项。在包括Environmental Science&Technology、Water Research、Environmental Pollution、Science of the Total Environment等环境领域知名期刊上发表SCI收录论文60余篇,论文总被引1 000余次。
E-mail:chenxi.wu@ihb.ac.cn
WU Chenxi Associate Professor of the Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is a member of the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS and a member of the Hubei Oceanography&Limnology Society.His research focus is mainly on environmental behavior and ecological effects of emerging pollutants.He has been the PI and the key member of more than 10 projects,and published over 60 papers in well-known environmental journals including Environmental Science&Technology,Water Research,Environmental Pollution,and Science of the Total Environment with over 1000 citations.
E-mail:chenxi.wu@ihb.ac.cn
E-mail:chenxi.wu@ihb.ac.cn
WU Chenxi Associate Professor of the Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is a member of the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS and a member of the Hubei Oceanography&Limnology Society.His research focus is mainly on environmental behavior and ecological effects of emerging pollutants.He has been the PI and the key member of more than 10 projects,and published over 60 papers in well-known environmental journals including Environmental Science&Technology,Water Research,Environmental Pollution,and Science of the Total Environment with over 1000 citations.
E-mail:chenxi.wu@ihb.ac.cn