刘云,陶斯宇.基础科学优势为创新发展注入新动力——英国成为世界科技强国之路[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(5):484-492.
基础科学优势为创新发展注入新动力——英国成为世界科技强国之路
Basic Science Advantage Instills New Power for Innovative Development—Way of United Kingdom Becoming World's Scientific and Technological Power
基础科学优势为创新发展注入新动力——英国成为世界科技强国之路
Basic Science Advantage Instills New Power for Innovative Development—Way of United Kingdom Becoming World's Scientific and Technological Power
作者
刘云
中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049
LIU Yun
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
陶斯宇
中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190
TAO Siyu
National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049
LIU Yun
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
陶斯宇
中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190
TAO Siyu
National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
中文关键词
世界科技强国;英国;基础科学;科技创新战略
英文关键词
powerful country of science and technology;United Kingdom;basic science;science and technology innovation strategy
中文摘要
英国作为近代科技革命和工业革命的策源地，具有良好的科学传统，创造了卓越的基础科学成就，也奠定了英国成为世界科技强国的基础。英国在建设世界科技强国的过程中，有丰富的经验，也有历史的教训。文章简述了英国自17世纪以来各重要历史阶段科技创新发展的历程，系统分析了两次世界大战以来英国科技创新战略的演进特征。最后，从持续保持基础科学优势、积淀深厚的科学精神与创新文化、构筑新时期国家创新体系、推进科技与经济的结合等方面总结了英国科技创新的经验与启示。
英文摘要
As a source of modern science and technology revolution and industrial revolution, attributed to a decent scientific tradition, Britain has created remarkable basic scientific achievements, and has laid the foundation for Britain to become a powerful country in science and technology. Britain has a wealth of experience and lessons in building a powerful country in the world. This article reviews the history of the development of science and technology innovation in all major historical stages in Britain since the 17th century, and systematically analyzes the evolutionary characteristics of the UK's science and technology innovation strategy since the two world wars. Finally, this article summarizes the experience and inspiration of British science and technology innovation from the following aspects, i.e., to maintain the basic scientific advantages, to accumulate deep scientific spirit and innovation culture, to build a national innovation system of new era, and to promote the integration of science and technology with economy.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.05.005
作者简介
刘云 中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院副院长、教授、博士生导师。主要从事科技评价、科技政策、创新管理、知识管理等领域的研究工作。担任中国科学学与科技政策研究会常务理事、中国软科学研究会常务理事、中国技术经济学会理事、清华大学技术创新研究中心学术委员会委员、美国佐治亚理工大学客座研究员等。主持国家“973”计划前期研究专项、国家自然科学基金重点项目、国家国际科技合作计划专项等课题60多项，发表学术论文200多篇，出版专著9部，获多项省部级科技奖。作为专家组成员参与《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要（2006—2020年）》等多项国家科技规划的研究、起草和评估工作。
E-mail: liuyun@ucas.ac.cn
LIU Yun Deputy Dean, Professor, and Doctoral Tutor at the School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests focus on R&D evaluation, science and technology policy, innovation management, knowledge management, etc. He also serves as the Executive Director of Chinese Association for Science of Science and S&T Policy Research, China Society of Soft Science, Director of China Technology Economics Association, academic committee of Technological Innovation Research Center of Tsinghua University, visiting researcher of Georgia Institute of Technology. He has presided over more than 60 national research projects such as 973 programs, key project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, and project of National International Cooperation of S&T Programme. He has published over 200 academic papers, 9 monographs, and won many provincial science and technology awards. As a member of the expert group, he participated in the research, drafting, and evaluation of many national science and technology plans such as the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006–2020).
E-mail: liuyun@ucas.ac.cn
E-mail: liuyun@ucas.ac.cn
LIU Yun Deputy Dean, Professor, and Doctoral Tutor at the School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests focus on R&D evaluation, science and technology policy, innovation management, knowledge management, etc. He also serves as the Executive Director of Chinese Association for Science of Science and S&T Policy Research, China Society of Soft Science, Director of China Technology Economics Association, academic committee of Technological Innovation Research Center of Tsinghua University, visiting researcher of Georgia Institute of Technology. He has presided over more than 60 national research projects such as 973 programs, key project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, and project of National International Cooperation of S&T Programme. He has published over 200 academic papers, 9 monographs, and won many provincial science and technology awards. As a member of the expert group, he participated in the research, drafting, and evaluation of many national science and technology plans such as the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006–2020).
E-mail: liuyun@ucas.ac.cn
