庞国芳,梁淑轩,常巧英,申世刚,徐建中,范春林,李慧,白若镔.基于风险值自动计算—信息多维采集的农药残留大数据评估市售果蔬安全水平[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(3):318-329.
基于风险值自动计算—信息多维采集的农药残留大数据评估市售果蔬安全水平
Assessment of Safety of Marketed Fruits and Vegetables in China Based on Large Data Fusion Technology of Risk Value Automatic Calculation-Multidimensional Information Collection
基于风险值自动计算—信息多维采集的农药残留大数据评估市售果蔬安全水平
Assessment of Safety of Marketed Fruits and Vegetables in China Based on Large Data Fusion Technology of Risk Value Automatic Calculation-Multidimensional Information Collection
作者
庞国芳
中国检验检疫科学研究院 北京 100176
PANG Guofang
Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
梁淑轩
河北大学 化学与环境科学学院 保定 071002
LIANG Shuxuan
College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
常巧英
中国检验检疫科学研究院 北京 100176
CHANG Qiaoying
Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
申世刚
河北大学 化学与环境科学学院 保定 071002
SHEN Shigang
College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
徐建中
河北大学 化学与环境科学学院 保定 071002
XU Jianzhong
College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
范春林
中国检验检疫科学研究院 北京 100176
FAN Chunlin
Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
李慧
河北大学 化学与环境科学学院 保定 071002
LI Hui
College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
白若镔
北京合众恒星检测科技有限公司 北京 100176
BAI Ruobin
Beijing Uni-Star Inspection Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
中国检验检疫科学研究院 北京 100176
PANG Guofang
Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
梁淑轩
河北大学 化学与环境科学学院 保定 071002
LIANG Shuxuan
College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
常巧英
中国检验检疫科学研究院 北京 100176
CHANG Qiaoying
Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
申世刚
河北大学 化学与环境科学学院 保定 071002
SHEN Shigang
College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
徐建中
河北大学 化学与环境科学学院 保定 071002
XU Jianzhong
College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
范春林
中国检验检疫科学研究院 北京 100176
FAN Chunlin
Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
李慧
河北大学 化学与环境科学学院 保定 071002
LI Hui
College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
白若镔
北京合众恒星检测科技有限公司 北京 100176
BAI Ruobin
Beijing Uni-Star Inspection Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
中文关键词
大数据融合技术;信息多维采集;农药残留;膳食暴露风险;预警风险
英文关键词
large data fusion technology;multidimensional information collection;pesticide residue;dietary exposure risk;prewarning risk
中文摘要
采用食品安全指数和风险系数模型，初步建立了农药残留膳食暴露风险和预警风险评估体系。开发"风险值自动计算-信息多维采集与分析"定制软件，基于2012-2015年我国市售果蔬农残检测大数据，从农药种类、限量标准、果蔬种类、地域等多个维度，分别对果蔬中残留农药之于人体的膳食暴露风险、预警风险进行了评估和解析。结果显示，气相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱（GC-Q-TOF/MS）和液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱（LC-Q-TOF/MS）技术侦测的9 823例和12 551例市售果蔬，绝大多数膳食风险为可接受，但仍有0.56%和0.54%为风险不可接受。禁用农药膳食暴露风险不可接受比例是非禁用农药的20倍（GC-Q-TOF/MS组）和55倍（LC-Q-TOF/MS组）；禁用农药高度预警风险比例是非禁用农药的17倍（GC-Q-TOF/MS组）和23倍（LC-Q-TOF/MS组），可见农药残留风险亟需控制，尤其应严格监管"禁药禁用"。文章据以上评估给出了高风险排名前10的农药和果蔬。另外，还发现欧盟的农药最大残留限量标准（MRLs）明显严于我国，我国相关标准建立亟待加快。研究结果可作为果蔬等食品风险水平实时诊断和风险农药精准监管的重要依据，以减少食源性农药残留风险，保障食品安全。
英文摘要
Two systems of dietary exposure and prewarning risk assessment of pesticide residue were constructed using models of food safety index and risk coefficient, respectively. A customized software of risk value automatic calculation-multidimensional information collection was developed. The risks of pesticide residues in the marketed fruit and vegetable samples in China from 2012 to 2015 were assessed on the basis of detection data. Multi-dimensional information was collected and analyzed including fruit and vegetable species, pesticide category, regions, maximum residue limit standards, and so on. The assessment results of dietary exposure risk indicate that the majority of risks are acceptable in the marketed fruits and vegetables of 9 823 (LC-Q-TOF/MS) and 12 551 samples (LC-Q-TOF/MS), respectively, but there are still 0.56% and 0.54% of them unacceptable. By the comparison of prohibited and non-prohibited pesticides, the frequency ratios of unacceptable dietary risks in total frequency are hiked at 20 (GC-Q-TOF/MS) and 55 (LC-Q-TOF/MS) times, while the ratios of high prewarning risk are 17 (GC-QTOF/MS) and 23 (LC-Q-TOF/MS) times respectively. The risks of the prohibited pesticides are significantly higher than that of the non-banned pesticides. Strict supervision and regulation of banned pesticides should be strengthened. The top fruits and vegetables with unacceptable dietary exposure risks of high prewarning risk are listed in this study. In addition, it could be found that the maximum residual limit standards established by European Union were obviously more strict and complete than that of China, so China must speed up the establishment of relevant standards. This study could provide important basis for real-time diagnosis and precise supervision of risk level of fruits and vegetables, thus reduce the risk of food borne pesticide residues and ensure people's tongue safety.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.03.012
作者简介
庞国芳 中国工程院院士,中国检验检疫科学研究院研究员,中国食品安全国家标准审评委员会副主任,中国国家食品安全风险评估专家委员会副主任,美国分析化学家协会(AOAC)资深专家,国际AOAC 2014年度Harvey W.Wiley奖获得者。30多年来始终工作在检验检疫第一线,致力于食品科学检测技术理论与实践的研究,在农药等化学污染物残留微量分析技术领域进行了开拓性的研究工作,在研究高灵敏度、高选择性、高分辨率的多残留快速检测新技术、新方法方面;在研究新型萃取、分离、富集等样品制备新技术、新方法方面多有创新。在检测技术标准化工程化方面颇有建树,研究建立了139项国家技术标准和3项国际AOAC标准。3次荣获国家科学技术进步奖二等奖,8次荣获国际AOAC科学技术奖。论著10部(2 000万字),论文100多篇(其中40篇SCI论文)。
E-mail:ciqpang@163.com
PANG Guofang Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering,the chief scientist of CAIQ,Deputy Director of Risk Evaluation Expert Committee of China National Food Safety,Deputy Director of Review Committee of China National Food Safety Standards,Fellow of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC),recipient of the 2014 Harvey W.Wiley Award.Over the past 30 years,he has been always working at the forefront of the inspection and quarantine work,devoting himself to the research on the theory and practice of food scientific analysis and conducting the pioneering research work in the field of trace element analytical techniques of pesticide and veterinary drug residues.He has made many innovations in the study of new techniques of rapid detection of multiresidues with high sensitivity,high selectivity and high resolutions as well as in the study of new techniques and new methods such as sample preparation like extraction,separation,enrichment,etc.He has focused his study on the high through-put techniques of the trace elements of over 1000 pesticides and veterinary drug residues and established 139 China National Standards and 3 AOAC official method.He won the Second Prize of the State Scientific and Technical Progress for 3 times and the Award of Science and Technique of AOAC for 8 times.He had 10 scientific and technical works (20 million words) and over 100 papers published,of which 40 were SCI indexed papers.
E-mail:ciqpang@163.com
E-mail:ciqpang@163.com
PANG Guofang Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering,the chief scientist of CAIQ,Deputy Director of Risk Evaluation Expert Committee of China National Food Safety,Deputy Director of Review Committee of China National Food Safety Standards,Fellow of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC),recipient of the 2014 Harvey W.Wiley Award.Over the past 30 years,he has been always working at the forefront of the inspection and quarantine work,devoting himself to the research on the theory and practice of food scientific analysis and conducting the pioneering research work in the field of trace element analytical techniques of pesticide and veterinary drug residues.He has made many innovations in the study of new techniques of rapid detection of multiresidues with high sensitivity,high selectivity and high resolutions as well as in the study of new techniques and new methods such as sample preparation like extraction,separation,enrichment,etc.He has focused his study on the high through-put techniques of the trace elements of over 1000 pesticides and veterinary drug residues and established 139 China National Standards and 3 AOAC official method.He won the Second Prize of the State Scientific and Technical Progress for 3 times and the Award of Science and Technique of AOAC for 8 times.He had 10 scientific and technical works (20 million words) and over 100 papers published,of which 40 were SCI indexed papers.
E-mail:ciqpang@163.com
