戴仕炳,钟燕.历史建筑的材料病理诊断、修复与监测前沿技术[J].中国科学院院刊,2017,32(7):749-756.

历史建筑的材料病理诊断、修复与监测前沿技术

Frontier Applied Technologies of Material Pathology Diagnosis, Repair, and Monitor on Historic Building Conservation

戴仕炳
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 上海 200092
Dai Shibing
College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
钟燕
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 上海 200092
Zhong Yan
College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

         历史建筑保护;保护技术;科学保护;文化传承

        historic building conservation;conservation technologies;scientific conservation;culture inheritance

        20世纪中期，历史建筑保护发展成为一门独立的学科，现代的科学保护观念随之普及开来。对于历史建筑保护，应遵循由历史建筑保护相关国际宪章衍生而来的规范化流程：现场病害勘察与诊断基础上的方案设计，实验评估后的保护修复与实施，修复后的持续监测、评估与维护。近年来，为打造国家文化软实力，传承和保护民族传统，我国政府投入了大量人力物力资源在历史文物的保护和修缮工程中，取得了一定的成效。文章就我国在历史建筑的材料病理诊断、修复与监测方面所取得的进展进行回顾总结，并探讨在科学保护与修复历史建筑的实际操作中所遇到的困难与矛盾，希望通过对历史建筑的科学保护，为传承我国的千年古文明作出贡献。

        Since the 20th century, the protection of historic buildings has become an independent discipline and stresses the rationality and empiricism by means of scientific methods. The protection of built heritage is mainly established on in-situ investigation and diagnosis, laboratory tests of conservation scheme, and the monitoring and evaluation after repair, which is a whole set of operation mode derived from international protection charters. In recent years, Chinese government has invested a lot of human resources and capitals into heritage conservation in order to protect and inherit the spirit of our nations. This paper gives a review of frontier applied technologies of material pathology diagnosis, repair, and monitor on historic building conservation in our country, discussing and analyzing the realistic difficulties and contradictions in the process of scientific preservation and restoration of historic buildings. Through the scientific conservation of our precious heritages, it is expected to make due contribution to pass our precious treasures to our future generations.