吴季.发展空间科学是建设世界科技强国的重要途径[J].中国科学院院刊,2017,32(5):504-511.
发展空间科学是建设世界科技强国的重要途径
Development of Space Science Is One of the Most Important Means for Building up the World Power in Science and Technology
发展空间科学是建设世界科技强国的重要途径
Development of Space Science Is One of the Most Important Means for Building up the World Power in Science and Technology
作者
吴季
中国科学院国家空间科学中心 北京 100190
Wu Ji
National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
中国科学院国家空间科学中心 北京 100190
Wu Ji
National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
中文关键词
空间科学;世界科技强国;国家需求
英文关键词
space science;world power on science and technology;national demands
中文摘要
习近平总书记在2016年提出了建设世界科技强国“三步走”的战略，为我们设立了宏伟的目标。要想实现这个目标，我们国家在前沿基础研究领域就必须加大投入，实现重大突破。长期以来，作为发展中国家，我国在空间科技领域的投入，大都用于应用卫星，比如气象卫星、通信卫星等，而在空间科学卫星领域少有投入。纵观世界科技发展，重大基础前沿的突破逐渐依赖于国家重大科技工程，其一是建设地面大科学装置，如加速器、大型天文望远镜等；其二就是在空间科学领域里的投入，发射科学卫星。1957年以来美国等航天强国在空间科学领域里多次获得诺贝尔奖就充分说明了这一领域在实现基础前沿领域重大突破的作用。由此可见，发展空间科学是建设世界科技强国的一个非常重要的方面和实现途径。
英文摘要
In May last year, President Xi Jinping has established a three-step national goal for China, i.e., in about 2050, China should become a world power in science and technology. To realize this goal, breakthroughs in the area of fundamental research are crucial. However, for a long time, as a developing country, China's national efforts have focused on applied objectives only. In the case of space developments, application satellites for weather forecast and telecommunications have been given more attention. Space science had much less chance to have its own satellite. Scientists have been using data from the science satellites of other countries, such as NASA and ESA. With the call from President Xi, we are facing a totally different situation now. To have breakthroughs in the area of fundamental research became an ever been national demand. To achieve this goal, two aspects need more governmental investments. One is the ground based large scientific instruments, such as cyclotrons or large telescopes. The other is the space science satellites. Compared with other application satellites, space science satellite has much more variable requirements for technology. In summary, to have a developed space science program and fruitful achievements on fundamental research are certainly symbolic and important means for building up a world power in science and technology.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2017.05.009
作者简介
吴季,中科院国家空间科学中心主任,研究员,中国空间科学学会理事长,国际空间研究委员会(COSPAR)副主席,国际宇航科学院(IAA)院士,IEEE会员,中科院"空间科学先导专项"负责人。曾任地球空间"双星计划"应用系统总设计师、"萤火一号"火星探测器首席科学家、"嫦娥"1、2、3号科学探测有效载荷总指挥等。主要研究领域包括:分布式空间探测技术、微波辐射干涉成像技术,以及空间科学与技术发展战略和政策研究。E-mail:wuji@nssc.ac.cn
Wu Ji Received B.S.and M.S.degrees from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China,and,Ph.D.degree from Technical University of Denmark,Copenhagen,Denmark,in 1993.His current research interests include microwave interfeometric radiometers (MIR),multi-satellite space distributed exploration technology.From 1985 to 1986,he was with European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC),Noordwijk,the Netherland,as a United Nations Research Fellow,where he worked on contoured beam satellite antenna design.From 1986 to 1989,he was with the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China,where he worked on antenna theory and design.Since 1996,he has been a Full Professor with the CAS Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing,National Space Science Center (NSSC),Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Beijing,China.From 1996 to 2000,he,as a visiting professor,had visited several universities in the US,including the University of Massachusetts at Amherst,the University of Texas at Arlington,and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).He is currently the director general of NSSC.He was the chief designer of ground application system of Double Star Program,project manager of payload sub-system of CE-1,CE-2,and CE-3,chief scientist of YH-1 mission.Currently he is the chief scientist and project leader of Strategic Priority Program on Space Science of CAS.Dr.Wu Ji is the vice president of Committee for space research (COPSAR),fellow of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society,and full member of International Astronautics Academy.E-mail:wuji@nssc.ac.cn
Wu Ji Received B.S.and M.S.degrees from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China,and,Ph.D.degree from Technical University of Denmark,Copenhagen,Denmark,in 1993.His current research interests include microwave interfeometric radiometers (MIR),multi-satellite space distributed exploration technology.From 1985 to 1986,he was with European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC),Noordwijk,the Netherland,as a United Nations Research Fellow,where he worked on contoured beam satellite antenna design.From 1986 to 1989,he was with the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China,where he worked on antenna theory and design.Since 1996,he has been a Full Professor with the CAS Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing,National Space Science Center (NSSC),Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Beijing,China.From 1996 to 2000,he,as a visiting professor,had visited several universities in the US,including the University of Massachusetts at Amherst,the University of Texas at Arlington,and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).He is currently the director general of NSSC.He was the chief designer of ground application system of Double Star Program,project manager of payload sub-system of CE-1,CE-2,and CE-3,chief scientist of YH-1 mission.Currently he is the chief scientist and project leader of Strategic Priority Program on Space Science of CAS.Dr.Wu Ji is the vice president of Committee for space research (COPSAR),fellow of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society,and full member of International Astronautics Academy.E-mail:wuji@nssc.ac.cn
