王姣娥,景悦,王成金.“中欧班列”运输组织策略研究[J].中国科学院院刊,2017,32(4):370-376.

“中欧班列”运输组织策略研究

Study on Better Organization of China-Europe Express Train

王姣娥
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学资源与环境学院 北京 100049
Wang Jiao'e
Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
景悦
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学资源与环境学院 北京 100049
Jing Yue
Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
王成金
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学资源与环境学院 北京 100049
Wang Chengjin
Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

         中欧班列;跨境陆路运输;一带一路;基础设施互联互通;轴-辐模式

        China-Europe Express Train (CEET);international land transport;the Belt and Road Initiative;infrastructure connectivity;huband-spoke

        基础设施互联互通是“一带一路”建设的优先领域。“中欧班列”是欧亚大陆货物运输新的渠道和基础设施“互通”的重要举措，已成为“一带一路”建设的标志性运输合作平台。文章在阐释“中欧班列”运营的战略意义和存在问题后，提出如何正确认识这种新的运输方式，指出“中欧班列”在我国对外贸易运输中的地位与作用有限，只适用于远离东部沿海港口的中西部地区以及国际大通道沿线地区，且在合理的地域范围内运输适宜的货物，才能盈利。最后，作者提出构建轴-辐组织模式，打造关键货物集散枢纽，统筹规范组织“中欧班列”，以降低“中欧班列”的运输成本，从而产生规模经济。

        Connectivity of infrastructure is a priority component of China's Belt and Road Initiative. As an important achievement of such connectivity and a symbolic co-transport platform, China-Europe Express Train (CEET), organized and operated by Chinese local government, has become a new way for cargo transportation among China, Central Asia, and Europe. This paper first analyzes the significance of CEET as well as its problems, and then raises two view points to correctly understand CEET, that is, CEET plays a limited role in the shipment of China's imported and exported commodities, and this transport model can achieve profit only if selective goods (e.g., high-value and low-weight goods) are shipped to appropriate locations (e.g. the hinterland of the Eurasian Continent). In fact, the CEET accounts for only a tiny share of China's international trade cargo. In the end, the paper suggests to adopt a hub-and-spoke mode and set up a few transport hubs as well as foster the brand of "China Railway Express" to cut costs and improve efficiency.