周宏仁.信息化:从计算机科学到计算科学[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(6):591-598.

信息化:从计算机科学到计算科学

Informatization: From Computer Science to Computational Science

周宏仁
国家信息化专家咨询委员会 北京 100010
Zhou Hongren
Advisory Committee for State Informatization, Beijing 100010, China

         计算机科学;计算科学;工业互联网;学科数字化;计算机辅助科学研究

        computer science;computational science;industrial internet;digitization of subjects;computer-aided scientific research

        文章讨论了70年来信息化的发生和发展,以及计算机科学在其中所扮演的核心角色;分析了迄今为止全球信息化所经历的数字化、网络化和智能化3个发展阶段,所形成的计算、网络、数据和软件无处不在的新环境,及其带来的产品创新和系统创新的重大机遇;阐明了智能化是全球信息化竞争新的制高点,人工智能和计算科学成为信息化在新的发展阶段的科学技术基础,各领域的科学家,无论是自然科学家或是社会科学家,均已不能置身信息化之外;2013年诺贝尔化学奖的颁发表明,计算科学是任何一个学科领域翻开新篇章的有力工具,是引领学科发展的前沿,学科数字化和科学的数字化革命势在必行。

        The origination and development of informatization over the past seventy years and the role of computer science has played within them are discussed. The three steps that the global informatization course has experienced, i.e., digitization, networking, and intelligence, are described, and the new development environment for the future of informatization, formed by the ubiquity of computer, network, data, and software, is emphasized. It is indicated that intelligence, or smartness, has become the new high ground of the global competition on informatization, and, in the meantime, computational science, instead of computer science alone, has been the scientific and technical foundation of the new step of global informatization. Accordingly, scientists of all disciplines, no matter with respect to natural sciences or liberal arts, cannot possibly keep out of informatization. 2013 Nobel Prize Winners for Chemistry shows that computational science is a powerful tool to open a new chapter for all disciplines and the digital revolution of science is the frontier of the development which any subjects must face today.