康琦,胡文瑞.微重力科学实验卫星——“实践十号”[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(5):574-580.

微重力科学实验卫星——“实践十号”

Microgravity Experimental Satellite-SJ-10

康琦
中国科学院力学研究所 北京 100190
Kang Qi
Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
胡文瑞
中国科学院力学研究所 北京 100190,wrhu@imech.ac.cn
Hu Wenrui
Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

         科学卫星;"实践十号";微重力科学;空间生命科学;返回式卫星

        scientific satellite;SJ-10;microgravity science;space life science;recoverable satellite

        北京时间2016年4月6日1时38分04秒,酒泉卫星发射中心,"长征"二号丁运载火箭成功发射,在559秒后将中国科学卫星系列第二颗星——"实践十号"返回式科学实验卫星送入高度约250 km的圆轨道,卫星发射取得圆满成功。"实践十号"卫星在太空运行15天,装载着19项科学设施,共28项实验。实验内容涉及微重力流体物理、微重力燃烧、空间材料科学、空间辐射生物效应、重力生物学效应和空间生物技术6大方向。卫星的返回舱装载着全部9项生物学设备以及空间材料科学多功位炉和流体物理中的输运系数测量装置;而留轨舱中装载着其他8项微重力科学设施。

        The Long March-2D carrier rocket carrying the "SJ-10", the 24th recoverable satellite of China, blasts off from the launch pad at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 1:38'04' am of April 6, 2016. It took 559 seconds to send this satellite, the second of the series, into the circular orbit of approximately 250 km high. The SJ-10 program provides a mission of space microgravity experiments including both fields of microgravity science and space life science. It is designated to promote the scientific research in the space microgravity environment by operating the satellite at lower earth orbit for 2 weeks. There are 19 scientific facilities on board the satellite, of which 9 biological facilities, multiple work position furnace of space material science, and transport coefficient measuring device of fluid physics in re-entry module, and 8 microgravity facilities in orbit capsule. Totally 28 experiments include 18 ones in the field of microgravity science (6 in microgravity fluid physics, 4 in microgravity combustion, and 8 in space materials science) and 10 in the field of space life science (3 in radiation biology, 3 in gravitational biology, and 4 in space biotechnology). These experiments were selected from more than 200 applications. Scientific purposes of these experiments are summarized as follows: to promote the basic research of fluid physics and biology experiments; to support the manned space flight for fire safety research; to improve the human health by biotechnology studies; and to develop the high-technology by experiments of coal combustion, materials processing and biotechnology.