刘晓,王小理,阮梅花,熊燕.新兴技术对未来生物安全的影响[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(4):439-444.

新兴技术对未来生物安全的影响

Potential Risks and Biosecurity Issues in Development of Emerging Technologies

刘晓
中国科学院上海生命科学信息中心 上海 200031
Liu Xiao
Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
王小理
中国科学院上海生命科学信息中心 上海 200031
Wang Xiaoli
Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
阮梅花
中国科学院上海生命科学信息中心 上海 200031
Ruan Meihua
Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
熊燕
中国科学院上海生命科学信息中心 上海 200031,yxiong@sibs.ac.cn
Xiong Yan
Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China

         新兴技术;生物安全;生物威胁;综合治理

        emerging technologies;biosecurity;biological threat;governance

        新兴技术不断创造新产品、新需求、新业态,培育新增长点,成为创新驱动发展和国家竞争力的关键所在,也是有效防御生物威胁的重要支撑。新兴技术的开发和应用,既能造福人类,保障国家安全,也因为其不确定性、监管缺失和资源开放等引发潜在的生物安全风险,对人类健康、农业、环境以及国家安全等造成重大危害。文章在分析新兴技术“两用性”特征的基础上,提出加强评估和预警,从源头上规避新兴技术安全风险,建立政府、科技界、公众共同参与的综合治理体系的建议。

        Emerging technologies can create new products, new demands, new business, and new growth. They also become the key to innovation-driven development, competitiveness of the country, and important support to control of biological threats. Development and application of emerging technologies can be benefit for mankind and for protection of national security. But due to their uncertainty and lack of supervision, they could bring about biosecurity risk to human health, agriculture, and environment, and cause significant threat to national security. Based on analyzing the “dual-use” features of emerging technologies, this paper proposes to strengthen the R&D and risk assessment of emerging technologies, establish comprehensive governance system, which involve participation of the government, scientific community, industry and public to avoid biosecurity risks of emerging technologies.