邵明安,王云强,贾小旭.黄土高原生态建设与土壤干燥化[J].中国科学院院刊,2015,30(Z1):178-185.

黄土高原生态建设与土壤干燥化

Ecological Construction and Soil Desiccation on the Loess Plateau of China

邵明安
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院/水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室 杨凌 712100
Shao Ming'an
Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil andWater Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry ofWater Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
王云强
中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室 西安 710061
Wang Yunqiang
State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
贾小旭
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101
Jia Xiaoxu
Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

         黄土高原;气候变化;生态文明建设;土壤干燥化;土壤水资源管理

        the Loess Plateau;climate change;ecological civilization construction;soil desiccation;soil water management

        黄土高原是古代中华文明的发祥地, 由于气候变化和人类活动干扰, 该区水土流失严重, 生态环境脆弱。土壤水是黄土高原植被建设与生态恢复的重要资源, 土壤水问题的未来发展趋势对黄土高原生态文明建设具有极其重要的影响。文章从黄土高原气候变化趋势、退耕还林还草工程建设成效及其引发的土壤干燥化问题等方面, 讨论了当前黄土高原生态文明建设中资源与环境面临的突出问题。重点分析了土壤干燥化的概念、特征、环境效应及其调控等研究进展, 在此基础上提出黄土高原土壤干燥化问题的未来研究方向和面向生态文明建设的土壤水资源管理策略与目标, 以期为国家及黄土高原生态建设决策提供科学依据。

        The construction of ecological civilization is of great importance to human being's well-being and a nation's future. The Loess Plateau, the cradle of ancient Chinese civilization, is suffering from severe soil erosion and frail eco-environment caused by the climate change and human activities. Soil water is an essential resource to the vegetation construction and ecological restoration of the Plateau. The condition and future development of soil water is vital to the ecological civilization construction on the Plateau. This paper discusses the prominent resource and environment problems in the ecological civilization construction on the Plateau, focusing on the aspects of the trends in climatic change, the achievement of the"Green-for-Green"projects, and the consequent soil desiccation, etc. It analyzes the studies on soil desiccation, including its definition and characteristics, its impact on eco-environment, and the regulation measures. Based on the analyses, a proposal is made for the prospective studies of the Plateau soil desiccation, soil water resource management strategies and goals for ecological civilization. It aims to provide scientific basis for policies on the national and the Loess Plateau ecological construction.