庄国泰.我国土壤污染现状及防控策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2015,30(Z1):46-52.

我国土壤污染现状及防控策略

Current Situation of National Soil Pollution and Strategies on Prevention and Control

庄国泰
环境保护部自然生态保护司 北京 100035
Zhuang Guotai
Department of Nature and Ecology Conservation, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100035, China

         土壤;污染现状;防控策略

        soil environment;situation of pollution;prevention and control strategies

        土壤污染问题是亟需解决的重大环境问题。我国土壤环境状况总体不容乐观, 部分地区土壤污染较重, 耕地土壤环境质量堪忧, 工矿业废弃地土壤环境问题突出。土壤污染成因复杂, 危害严重, 同时土壤环境监督管理体系不健全, 土壤环境保护面临诸多挑战。下一步, 应从完善土壤污染防治政策法规标准、切实加强土壤污染物来源控制、严格管控受污染土壤的环境风险、开展土壤污染治理与修复试点示范、强化土壤污染防治科技支撑能力建设、建立土壤污染防治投入机制6个方面进一步加强土壤污染防治工作。

        Soil pollution is a major environmental problem urgently needed to be resolved. The overall situation of national soil environment is not optimistic, i.e. serious soil pollution having been found in some areas, soil environmental quality of cultivated land having been a big worry and soil environmental issues on mining and industrial wasteland being outstanding. Soil pollution was caused by various factors, and has shown serious harm, meanwhile, soil environmental supervision and management system is not soundly established. Soil environmental protection is facing many challenges. Next, we should further strengthen soil pollution prevention and control by implementing 6 tasks, which are: (1)to establish policies, law, regulations, and standards on soil pollution prevention and control；(2)to enhance control on soil contamination sources；(3)to enforce strict control of environmental risks of contaminated soils； (4)to carry out pilot and demonstration projects on remediation of contaminated soils；(5)to strengthen scientific and technological capability-building on soil pollution prevention and control；(6)to establish investment mechanism of soil pollution prevention and control.