葛全胜,方创琳,张宪洲,余成群.西藏经济社会与科技协同发展的战略方向及创新对策[J].中国科学院院刊,2015,30(3):285-293.

西藏经济社会与科技协同发展的战略方向及创新对策

Strategic Direction and Innovative Routes of Tibet's Coordinative Development of Economy & Society and Science & Technology

葛全胜
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京100101
Ge Quansheng
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
方创琳
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京100101
Fang Chuanglin
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
张宪洲
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京100101
Zhang Xianzhou
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
余成群
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京100101
Yu Chengqun
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

         经济社会发展;协同发展;战略方向;创新对策;西藏

        economic & social development;coordinative development;strategic direction;innovation strategy;Tibet

        推动西藏经济社会与科技的协同发展是西藏主动适应经济发展新常态、同全国一道全面建成小康社会、推进新型城镇化和生态文明建设、改善民生的重要战略举措,互联网时代的第三次工业革命为西藏经济社会与科技协同发展提供了可能。未来西藏经济社会与科技协同发展需重点实施创新驱动发展战略、科技兴藏惠民战略和科技稳藏固边三大战略,推动西藏由传统农牧业科技主导向科技支撑现代农牧业及经济社会全面发展转变,由引进创新向集成创新和协同创新转变,由引进适用技术向兼顾引进高新技术转变,由科技援藏向科技援藏与兴藏相结合转变,由注重应用基础研究向注重实用性技术研究转变。为了实现上述战略转变,建议将西藏现代农牧业、特色优势产业、高原生态环境保育、新型城镇化、创新能力提升等五大战略领域作为重点创新方向,建设经济社会与科技协同发展的国家级创新高地,启动编制《全国科技援藏实施规划》,实施“珠峰学者”高端人才培养计划和“高原之星”职业人才培养计划,建立经济社会与科技协同发展的创新共同体,健全基层科技管理组织,独立设置县级科技机构,为建设创新型西藏做出贡献。

        Promoting Tibet's coordinative development of economy & society and science & technology is an important strategic initiative to adapt to the new normal economic development, build a moderately prosperous society, promote the new urbanization and the construction of ecological civilization, and improve people's livelihood. The third industrial revolution of the internet era has provided the possibility for Tibet's coordinative development of economy & society and science & technology. The innovation-driven development strategy, the science & technology favoring to Tibet strategy, and science & technology for stability of the frontier strategy, are the three strategies of Tibet's future coordinative development of economy & society and science & technology. The implementation of these strategies will help Tibet to achieve five transformations as follows: from the traditional agriculture and animal husbandry lead by science & technology to modern agriculture and animal husbandry supported by science & technology and the development of economy & society, from the introduction of innovation to integrated innovation and coordinative innovation, from the introduction of appropriate technology to taking into account of the introduction of high-tech, from aiding Tibet in science & technology to prospering as well and from focusing on the applied basic research to the research of practical technology. In order to realize the strategic transformation, this paper put forward a series of proposals to make a contribution to the construction of innovative Tibet. These proposals including: (1) taking the following five strategic areas, including the modern agriculture and animal husbandry, characteristic and advantage industry, the plateau ecological environment conservation, new-type urbanization, and promoting the innovation ability, as the direction of innovation of Tibet; (2) constructing national innovation highlands of the coordinative development of economy & society and science & technology; (3) starting the implementation of national aid for Tibet science & technology; (4) starting the implementation of the “Mount Everest scholars” high-end talent cultivation plan and the “star of the plateau” occupation personnel training plan; (5) building innovation community of coordinative development of economy & society and science & technology; and (6) improving the basic management of science & technology organization and the independent institute of technology.