马宁,姜景,黄远.[2015年第1期] 社会治理与社会活化能研究[J].中国科学院院刊,2015,30(1):.

[2015年第1期] 社会治理与社会活化能研究

Social governance and social activation energy

马宁 姜景 黄远
1 中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所 北京 100190 2 中国科学院大学 北京 100049
Ma Ning Jiang Jing Huang Yuan
1 Institute of Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China； 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

         社会治理，社会活化能，社会稳定预警，社会物理学

        social governance， social activation energy， social stability and warning， social physics

        当前我国正处于深化改革带来的社会转型加速期，官民矛盾、贫富差距、社会不公平 等问题在转型期日益凸显。 当突发事件发生， 社会群体或个人受负面情绪的影响， 从日常的 平静状态（常态）跃迁为激动状态（激发态）所需克服的能量就是“社会活化能”。 因此， 从国家 治理能力现代化的高度， 在系统分析、有效度量、科学研判的基础上把握社会负面情绪与突发 事件的关系， 正确认识、度量、研判危害社会稳定的“社会活化能”， 有助于进一步完善社会稳 定预警研究和社会治理。

        At present, our country is basking in the accelerating period of social transformation with deepening reform. The problems such as contradiction between official and people, gap between the rich and the poor, and social inequality are growing. In the process of the social emergency, influenced by negative emotions, social groups or individuals from the daily state of calm (the normal state) transit to the excited state (the excited state), and the energy required to overcome this transition is social activation energy. Specifically,“the normal state” refers to the groups or individuals in society in a positive, active, and up emotion, so-called social harmony without the external stimuli. Any network positive energy maintains the stability of“the normal state”.“The excited state” refers to the large number of false information, violence, crime, and other negative emotions in society (specially in the virtue network). If those negative emotions are not evacuated timely, the groups or individuals in society will have the move to undermine the social harmony and stability, called“the excited state”. The measurements for the social activation energy are divided into the following main steps. First of all, regarding the“social stability and warning” as the purpose, to build a sample library for elements of emotions, including“text”,“expression” and“punctuation”. Then, to match the corresponding emotional elements in the sample library by calculating the emotional value of the information to be analyzed through extracting the the information you want to analyze in terms of the three elements mentioned above. Finally, to use the emotional value of different social agents in normal state and excited state generating the social activation society of the agents, combining with the geographic location to get the“social activation energy” of different place all over the country. If the social activation energy trend in certain areas is relative high, it indicates that the social limits of the people’ s mental state is larger. When unexpected event happens, they can keep their emotions stable. If the social activation energy trend in certain areas is low, it indicates the poor mental capacity for bearing the negative emotions. Some individual incidents can provoke the psychological resonance, which is the first risk of threatening the social stability. Over the years, buses have been targets in bombings and arson incidents in several Chinese cities. Based on the algorithm of social activation energy, the detailed numerical result of arson incidents are calculated in this study. As shown by the calculated results, the social activation energy of bus arson incidents generally is in a lower level. Bus travel is closely related to people’ s daily life, so bus arson resonates with netizens on an emotional level easily. Considering the above-mentioned, from the perspective of the modern social governance capacity, to grasp the relationship between social negative emotions and emergency on the basis of system analysis, effective measures, and scientific judgement, correct understanding, measuring and judging social activation energy with help to improve the research of early-warning system for social stability and social governance. Specifically, the government needs to work from the following three aspects: continue solid job and maintain the normal state of society, ease the social conflicts and weaken the social excited state, and guide the public opinion and lower the social activation energy.