汪民.中国矿产资源与可持续发展[J].中国科学院院刊,2012,(3):320-325.

中国矿产资源与可持续发展

China’s Mineral Resources and Sustainable Development

汪民
中华人民共和国国土资源部
Wang Min
The Ministry of Land and Resources,P.R.C.100812 Beijing

         中国;矿产资源;勘查;开发;综合利用;可持续发展

        China’s mineral resources;exploration;exploitation;comprehensive utilization;sustainable development

        中国政府高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的保护与合理利用,把节约和保护资源作为可持续发展战略的重要内容。坚持开源与节流并重,把节约放在首位,破解资源的瓶颈制约;坚持国内国外两种资源并举,首先立足于国内,提高资源保障能力;坚持市场调节和政府引导相结合,充分发挥市场配置资源的基础性作用;坚持在开发中保护,在保护中开发,坚定不移地走绿色矿业发展道路。20年来,通过加强矿产勘查,提高了国内资源保障能力,在矿产开发力度不断加大的情况下,主要矿产保有资源储量不断增长;加大矿业开发,提高矿产品供应能力,有力地支撑了经济社会持续快速健康发展;强化矿产资源监管,规范勘查开发秩序,基本形成了适应社会主义市场经济要求,具有中国特色的矿产资源管理体制和法律法规体系;积极推进矿产资源综合利用,贯彻节约优先战略,不断提高资源利用水平和效率;发展绿色矿业,建立完善矿山环境恢复治理保证金制度,加大矿山地质环境恢复治理力度,推动矿产开发与环境协调发展。

        Chinese government pays high attention to sustainable development and the protection and reasonable utilization of mineral resources,and takes conservation and protecting resources as the important parts of sustainable development strategy.China adheres to place emphasis both on broadening source and reducing expenditure,give priority to conservation,to remove the bottlenecks in mineral resources supply;and sticks to develop the domestic and foreign resources simultaneously,to enhance the capability to ensure the supply of mineral resources with a foothold on domestic resources firstly;and insists on a combination of market regulation and government guidance as well as giving full play to the basic role of market in resource allocation;and persists in unswervingly following the sustainable mining development road with the principle of’the development of the protection,the protection of the development’.In the past 20 years,China has enhanced the domestic capability to ensure the supply of mineral resources by raising the input into the geological survey and evaluation as well as mineral resources exploration.Although the development of mineral resources was intensified continuously,the reserves & resources of major minerals increased significantly.That supply capacity of mineral products has been improved with increasing mining exploitation has given strong support for the sustained,rapid and healthy development of economy and society.China has strengthened the supervision of exploration and exploitation order of mineral resources.In China,it is the management system,laws and regulations system of mineral resources with Chinese characteristics that has basically formed,which is fit to the socialist market economy.China promotes actively the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and the implementation of high priority to conservation strategies in order to continuously improve the level of utilization and efficiency of mineral resource.To promote the coordinate development between mineral exploitation and environment,sustainable mining was actively promoted,and the guarantee deposit system of mine rehabilitation was established,and mine rehabilitation was continuously intensified in China.