中国北方沙尘暴现状及对策

The Situation of Dust Storms and its Strategy in North China

        王涛(寒区旱区环境与工程研究所!兰州730000)
        陈广庭(寒区旱区环境与工程研究所!兰州730000)
        钱正安(寒区旱区环境与工程研究所!兰州730000)
        杨根生(寒区旱区环境与工程研究所!兰州730000)
        屈建军(寒区旱区环境与工程研究所!兰州730000)
        李栋梁(寒区旱区环境与工程研究所!兰州730000)

         沙尘暴;源区;发展趋势;生态环境;保护和建设

        中国北方有 :甘肃河西走廊及内蒙古阿拉善盟 ;南疆塔克拉玛干沙漠周边地区 ;内蒙古阴山北坡及浑善达克沙地毗邻地区和蒙陕宁长城沿线四个主要沙尘暴中心和源区。 2 0世纪我国沙尘暴从 5 0年代以来呈波动减少之势 ,90年代在减少中有回升 ,2 0 0 0年和 2 0 0 1年急剧增加 ,预示着新一轮沙尘暴活跃期已经开始。生态环境恶化和气象条件变化是北方沙尘暴增多的原因。目前人类控制天气的能力还很有限 ,减缓沙尘暴灾害频度与强度的关键在于搞好地面的生态保护与建设。

        There are four dust storm centers and origin regions, These are (1)Hexi Corrdor in Gansu province and Alxa Meng in inner Mongolia; (2) Taklimakan desert and it’s nearby in south of Xijiang autonomous region; (3) North slope of Yingsa Mountain ininner Mongolia and Otingdag sandy land and it’s nearby regions; (4)alone Great wall in inner Mongolia, Shanxi province and Ningxia Huige autonomous region.In 20th century, the dust storm have a decrease tendency with fluctuation since 1950s, and have a litter increase in a decrease tendency, in 2000 and 2001, its increase greatly and are predicted a begin of new round dust storm period. The deterioration of ecological environment and variations of meteorological conditions are reasons to cause increasing of dust storm. At present, human being have alimit ability to control weather, the key to reduce frequency degree and intensity will try to do well protest and construction of ecological environment. To persist ecological protest and construct policies, which to be taken prevent as a major, To protest as priority and prevent and controlled as same important. To construct and complete law regulation and policy system, stop any productive action to cause much deterioration of ecological environment, and to take a certainecological migrate measures for overloading of ecological bearing ability region