“三北”工程六期生态治理区划

Ecological governance zoning in Phase VI planning area of “Three-North” project

        肖春蕾¹(中国地质环境监测院 北京 100081)
        尚博譞¹(中国地质环境监测院 北京 100081)
        卢琦^2,3*(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;三北工程研究院 磴口 内蒙古 015299)
        崔桂鹏^2,3(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;三北工程研究院 磴口 内蒙古 015299)
        宋春玉⁴(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 北京 100085)
        李晓松⁵(中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094)

         “三北”工程;生态区划;分区体系;分级分区;分区施策;系统治理

        “Three-North” project;ecological zoning;zoning system;hierarchical zoning;region-specific measures;system governance

        “三北”地区地域广袤，自然迥异，生态系统多样，人类活动强度差异明显，生态治理需要科学规划、因地制宜、精准施策。“三北”工程六期三大标志性战役确立了工程治理的重点区域，实现全域科学治理急需开展生态治理区划。文章基于自然地理单元的完整性、主导生态系统的相似性、自然要素的空间分异性、土地利用影响程度的差异性，对地表生态区域进行划定和分类，将“三北”工程六期规划建设范围全域划分为4个一级生态区、27个二级生态区、136个三级生态区，充分体现了新时期生态治理中科学治理、系统治理和全域治理的核心理念。该区划将为下一步“三北”工程联防联治项目布局、生态补偿顶层设计、生态产品价值实现机制提供“底座”，为区域可持续发展打好“底色”，也为未来区域的生态治理明确上限目标、找到“天花板”统一空间基准，为各区域共同实现美丽“三北”、幸福“三北”奠定基础。

        The “Three-North” region is distinguished by its extensive expanse, heterogeneous natural conditions, diverse ecosystems, and marked disparities in the intensity of human activities. Effective ecological governance in this area necessitates scientific planning, tailored adaptation to local contexts, and precise policy implementation. The three key initiatives of Phase Six of the “Three-North” project have identified critical areas for engineering-based governance. To achieve comprehensive and scientifically sound governance, it is essential to conduct ecological zoning. This study has systematically delineated and classified terrestrial ecological regions based on the integrity of natural geographical units, the similarity of dominant ecosystems, the spatial heterogeneity of natural elements, and the differential impacts of land use. Consequently, the entire planning and construction area of Phase Six of the “Three-North” project has been divided into 4 first-level ecological zones, 27 second-level ecological zones, and 136 third-level ecological zones. This stratification fully embodies the core tenets of scientific governance, systematic governance, and holistic governance in modern ecological management. The proposed zoning framework will serve as a foundational basis for the strategic layout of joint prevention and control projects in the next phase of the “Three-North” project, the top-level design of ecological compensation mechanisms, and the realization of ecological product value. It will also establish a baseline for regional sustainable development, delineate upper-bound objectives for future ecological governance, and provide a unified spatial benchmark for achieving a beautiful and harmonious “ThreeNorth” region.