高端数控机床正向设计方法发展研究及建议

Research and suggestions on top-down design methodology of high-end CNC machine tools

        高卫国¹(天津大学 机构理论与装备设计教育部重点实验室 天津 300354)
        张大卫^1*(天津大学 机构理论与装备设计教育部重点实验室 天津 300354)
        刘炳业²(北京机床研究所有限公司 北京 100102)

         高端数控机床;正向设计;静动热特性;几何精度

        high-end CNC machine tools;top-down design;static-dynamic-thermal characteristics;geometric precision

        文章阐述了高端数控机床正向设计理论、方法和技术体系对实现我国面向重点领域用户需求的高端数控机床自主研发、维护国家关键核心技术自主可控的重要战略意义；提出了贯穿于设计、加工、装配过程，面向机床末端空间位姿误差/相对动柔度特性约束的整机静动刚度、几何精度、热平衡、装配工艺过程精度等正向设计方法和关键科学问题；论述了国际领先研究机构在机床正向设计领域的研究进展，提出了发展和提升我国高端数控机床正向设计技术水平的政策建议。

        The strategic significance of top-down design theory, method and technical system of high-end CNC machine tools is expounded, so as to realize the independent research and development of high-end CNC machine tools, satisfy the requirements of high-end users in key fields and maintain the independence and control of the core technologies. The top-down design methods and some key scientific problems are proposed, including static-dynamic stiffness design, geometric accuracy design, thermal balance design, and assembly process accuracy design, based on the spatial position and attitude error, relative dynamic flexibility of the working space, through the design, processing and assembly process. The research progress of the international leading research institutions in the field of top-down design of machine tools is discussed. Finally, some policy suggestions on developing and improving top-down design technology of high-end CNC machine tools in China are put forward.