国产高端装备在航空发动机制造领域应用现状和发展趋势

Current status and development trends of domestic high-end equipment in aero-engine manufacturing

        陈虎^1*(科德数控股份有限公司 大连 116000)
        江世琳²(大连光洋科技集团有限公司 大连 116000)
        汤洪涛¹(科德数控股份有限公司 大连 116000)
        宋明山¹(科德数控股份有限公司 大连 116000)
        何豪威¹(科德数控股份有限公司 大连 116000)

         五轴机床;拉床;3D打印;微孔加工;航空发动机;智能制造;国产化

        five-axis machine tool;planer;3D printing;micro-hole processing;aero-engine;intelligent manufacturing;indigenous innovation

        航空发动机被誉为“工业皇冠上的明珠”。随着全球制造业竞争加剧，航空发动机制造领域的高端装备自主可控已成为我国航空制造业走向世界航空强国的重要任务。文章系统梳理了国产五轴机床、拉床、3D打印设备及微孔加工设备的技术发展现状、关键成果、存在问题及未来方向。国产五轴机床通过结构创新与工艺优化，逐步实现进口替代；国产拉床在智能化与精密加工领域取得突破；3D打印设备在多轴联动与材料多样性方面持续创新；微孔加工设备则通过复合工艺提升加工质量。然而，核心技术依赖进口、工艺标准化不足、智能化水平较低等问题仍制约行业发展。未来需加强自主创新、推动技术集成、完善标准体系，以促进我国高端装备制造业支撑我国航空发动机产业的高质量发展。

        Aero-engines are known as the “pearl on the crown of industry”. As global manufacturing competition intensifies, achieving independent control of high-end equipment in aero-engine manufacturing is crucial for China to become a global aviation power. This paper reviews the development, achievements, challenges, and future directions of domestic five-axis machine tools, planers, 3D printing equipment, and micro-hole processing equipment in this field. Domestic five-axis machine tools have made progress through structural innovation and process optimization, gradually replacing imports. Planers have advanced in intelligence and precision, 3D printing equipment in multi-axis coordination and material diversity, and micro-hole processing equipment in compound processes for better quality. However, issues like import-dependent core technologies, insufficient standardization, and low intelligence levels persist. Future efforts should focus on independent innovation, technology integration, and standard system improvement to support the high-quality development of China’s aero-engine industry with advanced domestic equipment.