人工智能驱动的科研新范式及学科应用研究

A new scientific research paradigm driven by AI and its applications in academic disciplines

        余江^1,2(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049)
        张越^1,2*(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049)
        周易^1,3(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;英国曼彻斯特大学 全球发展研究院 曼彻斯特 M13 9PL)

         人工智能;科研新范式;演化过程;学科应用

        artificial intelligence(AI);new paradigm of scientific research;evolutionary process;disciplinary applications

        人工智能（AI）驱动的科研新范式通过数据、算力、算法的深度耦合深度嵌入科学研究的全过程，引发科研流程、思考逻辑和组织模式的深刻变革。文章系统总结了AI驱动科研新范式的主要特征与形式，提出AI驱动科研新范式的演化方向由“科研自动化”向“科研模型化”“科研智能化”发展。AI在科研中的应用深度与范围不断拓展，并将推动科研组织治理模式等的重大变革。进一步，文章围绕科研学科特征研究AI应用在各领域的适用条件，分析AI驱动科研新范式在各学科领域的成功案例，在此基础上解析科研资助机构、数据库建设运营方、科技领军企业、科研机构与科研人员等主体探索AI驱动的科研应用面临挑战，并提出相关启示与建议。

        The artificial intelligence (AI) -driven paradigm of scientific research, deeply embedded through the integration of data, computing power, and algorithms, has triggered profound changes in the research process, thinking logic, and organizational patterns. This study systematically summarizes the main characteristics and forms of the AI-driven new scientific research paradigm. It proposes that the evolution of the AI-driven research paradigm is shifting from “automated research” to “model-based research” and “intelligent research.” The depth and scope of AI applications in scientific research continue to expand, and this will drive significant changes in research organization and governance models. In addition, this study discusses the applicability of AI in various fields based on the characteristics of scientific disciplines and analyzes successful cases of the AI-driven new paradigm in various academic fields. It also examines the challenges confronted by key players such as research funding agencies, database construction operators, science and technology leading enterprises, research institutions and researchers, as well as pointing out the implications and making suggestions to explore the AI-driven research applications.