新时期自然资源要素促进城乡融合发展：目标选择与政策设计

Natural resource factors promoting urban and rural integrated development in the new era: Target selection and policy design

        张志敏^1,2,3*(中国自然资源经济研究院 北京 101149;北京交通大学 经济管理学院 北京 100044;自然资源部资源环境承载力评价重点实验室 北京 101149)
        袁国华^1,3*(中国自然资源经济研究院 北京 101149;自然资源部资源环境承载力评价重点实验室 北京 101149)
        刘芮琳¹(中国自然资源经济研究院 北京 101149)

         自然资源;要素流动;城乡融合;空间规划

        natural resources;factor flow;urban and rural integration;spatial planning

        重塑自然资源要素在乡村地域系统与城市地域系统的“逆向漫流”是实现城乡融合发展的基本形态要求。以“目标选择—现实障碍—制度需求—体系构建”为逻辑主线，从城乡融合发展框架下自然资源要素配置现状出发，梳理出自然资源在城乡融合发展方面存在城乡自然资源产权设计不对称、承载各类规划不统一、自然资源收益共享机制缺失、资产流动渠道与交易体系不畅等问题；以“统一布局、还权赋能、有偿使用、收益共享”为核心，以推进城乡要素合理配置、基础设施一体化、城乡公共服务均等化、一二三产业融合发展为导向，从切实可行的角度出发，构建自然资源要素支持城乡融合发展的政策体系。

        Reconstructing the reverse flood of natural resource elements in rural and urban regional systems is the basic form of requirement for realizing urban-rural integration. Taking target selection-realistic obstacles-institutional demand-system construction as the logical main line, starting from the current situation of natural resource element allocation under the framework of urban-rural integrated development, it sorted out the problems existing in the urban-rural integrated development of natural resources such as asymmetrical property rights design, inconsistent bearing plans of various types, lack of natural resource revenue sharing mechanism, and poor asset flow channels and trading systems, with unified layout, power return, paid use, and revenue sharing as the core. Guided by promoting the rational allocation of urban and rural factors, the integration of infrastructure, the equalization of urban and rural public services, and the integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, from a practical point of view, a policy system is built for natural resource factors to support the integrated development of urban and rural areas.