生命大科学：从微观到介观的组学研究

Big life-science: Study of omics from microscopic to mesoscopic scales

        吴家睿(中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心 上海 200031;上海交通大学 主动健康战略与发展研究院 上海 200030)

         生命大科学|组学|细胞图谱|空间组学|大数据

        big life-science|omics|cell atlas|spatial omics|big data

        世纪之交的“人类基因组计划”开启了生命大科学的研究新时代，形成了以整体性高通量研究为特征的各种生命组学。最初的组学研究主要在分子层次上展开，如基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学等，表现出数据驱动的研究新范式。随着研究技术的发展，组学研究上升到介观层次，其核心是2017年启动的“人类细胞图谱”计划。目前，研究者已经能够在组织器官乃至个体水平开展组学研究，通过整合不同层次的组学数据来认识生命复杂系统。

        The human genome project at the turn of the century opened a new era of life science research and formed various omics characterized by holistic high-throughput research. The initial omics research was mainly carried out at the molecular level, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, etc., showing a new paradigm of data-driven research. With the development of research technologies, the omics research has risen to the mesoscopic level, the representative is the “Human Cell Atlas” project launched in 2017. At present, researchers have been able to carry out omics research at the level of tissues, organs, and even individuals, and resulted in the understanding complex life systems by integrating different levels of omics data