电动汽车助力我国能源安全与“碳达峰、碳中和”协同推进

Electric vehicles contribute to China’s energy security and carbon peaking and carbon neutrality

        郭剑锋^1，2(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049)
        张雪美^1，2(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049)
        曹琪^1，3(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;南京理工大学 经济管理学院 南京 210014)
        顾复^4，5*(浙江大学 工程师学院 杭州 310015;浙江大学 机械工程学院 杭州 310027)

         能源安全;“双碳”目标;电动汽车;协同推进

        energy security;dual carbon goals;electric vehicles;convergence role

        当前国际形势复杂多变，我国正处于经济跃升的关键阶段，面临能源安全与“碳达峰、碳中和”（以下简称“双碳”）目标双重挑战。虽然能源安全是“双碳”目标的重要基石，但部分减排路径会对能源供应、电网负荷等与能源安全直接相关的要素产生约束，两者难以同时达到目标最优化。因此，如何理顺、优化能源安全与“双碳”目标的关系，协同推进两者发展，成为我国必须应对的挑战。电动汽车兼具节能、储能、减排等多方面效益，是保障能源安全与实现“双碳”目标协同发展的有力手段之一。文章以弱化政策间矛盾为出发点，提出建立以政策网络为保障、储能技术为立足点的双边整合协调系统，发挥电动汽车产业在构建兼容性政策网络中的保障作用，强化电动汽车在当前阶段的储能作用，联合政策—技术建立双边整合协调系统。

        The current international situation is complicated and unstable, and China is in the midst of an important economic transition as it deals with the twin concerns of energy security and carbon peaking and carbon neutrality (referred to as dual carbon goals). Although the dual carbon goals aim a strong emphasis on energy security, certain emission reduction strategies will place restrictions on energy security that is directly connected, such as energy supply and grid load, making it challenging to simultaneously fulfill the optimization goal. China now has the task of figuring out how to rationalize and optimize the coordinated promotion of the two. Electric vehicles are one of the most effective ways to attain both sides and reduce the tension between energy security and dual carbon goals since they offer numerous advantages in terms of energy savings, energy storage, and emission reduction. This study suggests creating a bilateral integration and coordination system guaranteed by the policy network and based on energy storage technology by first reducing policy inconsistencies; giving the electric vehicle industry’s guarantee role full play in creating a network of suitable policies; increasing the energy storage role of electric vehicles as they stand; and creating a system of bilateral integration and coordination with joint policy and technology.